This 2024 report summarises currently available scientific knowledge on the status of conservation values in the marine environment around Heard Island and McDonald Islands, and the threats posed by climate change, pollution, fishing and invasive species.
Conservation values in the marine environment surrounding Heard Island and the McDonald Islands
The Heard Island and McDonald Islands Marine Reserve, established in 2002, is one of the world’s largest highly protected IUCN category 1A marine reserves. We prepared the report, Conservation values in the marine environment surrounding Heard Island and the McDonald Islands, to inform a review of the marine reserve and its management plan.
on