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Understanding past climate is essential to our knowledge of how our current climate system operates, and how it might respond to future change. Techniques to reconstruct climate history are challenging, and both accuracy and certainty are hampered by the quality of the datasets used.
As whales recover from commercial exploitation, they are increasing in abundance in habitats that they have been absent from for decades. However, studying the recovery and habitat use patterns of whales, particularly in remote and inaccessible regions…
Blue whales Balaenoptera musculus at South Georgia were heavily exploited during 20th century industrial whaling, to the point of local near-extirpation. Although legal whaling for blue whales ceased in the 1960s…
Identification of species' Biologically Important Areas (BIAs) is fundamental to conservation planning and species distribution models (SDMs) are a powerful tool commonly used to do this.
Marine protected areas (MPAs) are a commonly used management tool to safeguard marine life from anthropogenic impacts, yet their efficacy often remains untested.
Baseline characterisation of the acoustic underwater environment is integral to understanding changes in the soundscape of a location. We used passive acoustic monitoring to investigate the soundscape of a seasonally ice-covered…
Antarctica harbors many distinctive features of life, yet much about the diversity and functioning of Antarctica's life remains unknown. Evolutionary histories and functional ecology are well understood only for vertebrates…
The blue whale (Balaenoptera musculus) is a listed endangered species under the Commonwealth Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999. A distinct population of blue whales, the eastern Indian Ocean pygmy blue (EIOPB) whale…
There is growing interest from research and conservation groups in the potential for using small unoccupied aerial vehicles (UAVs; <2 kg) to conduct wildlife surveys because they are affordable, easy to use, readily available and reliable. However, limitations such as short flight endurance…
The Galactic cosmic ray spectrum manifests pronounced variations over the 11-year sunspot cycle and more subtle variations over the 22-year solar magnetic cycle.
The Galactic cosmic ray spectrum manifests pronounced variations over the 11-year sunspot cycle and more subtle variations over the 22-year solar magnetic cycle.
Historical atmospheric H2 levels were reconstructed using firn air measurements from two sites in Greenland (NEEM and Summit) and two sites in Antarctica (South Pole and Megadunes). A joint reconstruction based on the two Antarctic sites yields H2 levels monotonically increasing from about 330?
Accurate assessment of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and their redistribution among the atmosphere, ocean, and terrestrial biosphere in a changing climate is critical to better understand the global carbon cycle, support the development of climate policies…
Marine protected areas (MPAs) are a commonly used management tool to safeguard marine life from anthropogenic impacts, yet their efficacy often remains untested.
Genetic diversity is fundamental to biological diversity, vital for species’ health and adaptation to environmental change. Under the recently adopted Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF)…
Stratosphere–troposphere exchange can be considered globally within the framework of the atmosphere's general circulation as the transfer of air masses through the tropopause with ascending (descending) flows in the tropics (extratropical latitudes).
Accidental fuel spills associated with the storage, transfer, and use of diesel fuel for power generation have occurred on sub-Antarctic Macquarie Island since the establishment of the island's research station in 1948.
A proportion of the southern elephant seal (Mirounga leonina) population that breeds in the Kerguelen Plateau region seasonally migrates between their natal sub-Antarctic islands and moult haul-out locations on the Antarctic coastline.
We use Multi-Sensor Reanalysis and ground-based total ozone content (TOC) data to study total ozone variations in Antarctica near the dates of sudden stratospheric warmings (SSW). Three events were analyzed, including the warmings in 1988, 2002 (major warming), and 2019.
The Galactic cosmic-ray spectrum manifests pronounced variations over the 11 yr sunspot cycle and more subtle variations over the 22 yr solar magnetic cycle. An important tool to study these variations is repeated latitude surveys with neutron monitors (NMs)…
Individuals in isolated and extreme environments can experience debilitating side-effects including significant decreases in fat-free mass (FFM) from disuse and inadequate nutrition. The objective of this study was to determine the strengths and weaknesses of three-dimensional optical (3DO)…
Antarctic climate warming and atmospheric CO2 rise during the last deglaciation may be attributed in part to sea ice reduction in the Southern Ocean. Yet, glacial–interglacial Antarctic sea ice dynamics and underlying mechanisms are poorly constrained, as robust sea ice proxy evidence is sparse.