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The wave-affected Marginal Ice Zones (MIZ) is a key region of air-ice-ocean interactions in the Southern Ocean (SO). However, challenges still remain for the large-scale observation of the MIZ. In this study…
One of the principal factors influencing mass loss and sea level contribution from … the Antarctic Ice Sheet currently and in future centuries is the melting of ice … shelves by the ocean. These floating extensions of the ice sheet buttress against … ice-sheet movement…
The delivery of ocean heat to Antarctic ice shelves is due to intrusions of waters warmer than the local freezing point temperature. Changes in the supply of ocean heat will determine how rapidly ice shelves melt at their base…
The introduction of new processes in biogeochemical models brings new model parameters that must be set. Optimization of the model parameters is crucial to ensure that model performance is based on process representation (i.e., functional forms) rather than poor choices of input parameter values.
Under climate change, both the global water cycle (evaporation minus precipitation) and mixed layer salinity exhibit a pattern amplification characterized by the "rich get richer and poor get poorer." However…
The zonal asymmetry in the Antarctic total ozone column (TOC) has been widely studied in … recent decades. However, little is known about how spatially dependent the TOC response is to sudden … stratospheric warmings (SSWs).
Surface melt on the Antarctic Ice Sheet (AIS) occurs primarily on the low-elevation coastal margins, especially on the Antarctic Peninsula and on the ice shelves surrounding the continent.
Global chemistry–climate models (CCMs) play an important role in assessing the climate and air pollution implications of aerosols and chemically reactive gases.
Monitoring variability in predator diets can highlight key parameters for understanding and managing marine ecosystems. Penguin diets provide useful indicators of ecosystem variability and several species, including Adélie penguins (Pygoscelis adeliae)…
We present a synthesis of marine soft sediment macrofaunal communities from the Vestfold Hills, East Antarctica, spanning historical data (1978–1982) and recent surveys from 47 locations (2010–2021). We examined relationships between environmental conditions…
Invasive species are a significant threat to marine ecosystems, contributing to biodiversity loss and ecosystem … changes. Biofouling, the accumulation of aquatic organisms on vessel hulls, is one of the main pathways for … invasive species worldwide…
One of the largest sectors of the Southern Ocean is the Indian Sector, which plays an important role in regulating the Earth's climate and supports a diverse ecosystem. To understand how climate change impacts the environment in this sector…
Blue whale and their subspecies is an endangered whale species that needs to be conserved by protecting their important habitat and migration corridor. Research about designing and modelling blue whale habitat for marine protected area has been done many times. However…
The use of satellite tags has yielded important information to better understand cetacean ecology and to improve cetacean conservation. However, tag deployment duration has been highly variable and typically shorter than their battery life on most large whale species. Between 2011 and 2018…
The future response of the Antarctic Slope Current (ASC) to projected transient changes in winds, radiative forcing, and meltwater input is examined in a high-resolution ocean-sea ice model. Meltwater changes are found to dominate the almost -circumpolar strengthening of the ASC.
Newly formed sea ice can incorporate considerable amounts of organic matter including phytoplankton during its freezing and growth. This initial incorporation influences the standing stocks of ice algae, a fundamental component of high-latitude marine ecosystems.
Sea-ice surface temperature from atmospheric reanalysis has been used as an indicator of ice melt and climate change. However, its performance in atmospheric reanalyses is not fully understood in Antarctica. Here, we quantified biases in six widely-used reanalyses using satellite observations…
The vertically integrated zonal momentum balance of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) is dominated by wind stress at the surface and topographic form stress (TFS) at the bottom. It has been argued that wind stress is transferred from the surface to the bottom by transient baroclinic eddies…
The Southern Ocean (south of 30°S) contributes significantly to global ocean carbon uptake through the solubility, physical and biological pumps. Many studies have estimated carbon export to the deep ocean, but very few have attempted a basin-scale perspective, or accounted for the sea-ice zone…
Human influence on Antarctic marine ecosystems is a growing concern, despite limited … information being available. This study investigated the coastal meiofauna and environmental … parameters of 10 locations, 4 of which served as reference points (OB1, OB2, OB3, and McGrady)…
1. Marine invasive species can cause irreparable change in new environments, though not all non-native … species inevitably cause negative impacts to recipient … ecosystems.
In the Subantarctic Southern Ocean, primary productivity is predominantly limited by seasonal changes in light and iron (Fe) availability, shaping the phytoplankton community and impacting the magnitude of the biological carbon pump. However, quantifying the seasonal iron cycle is challenging…
Levoglucosan (LEV) and two of its isomers, mannosan (MAN) and galactosan (GAL), are commonly used as biomass burning tracers, however 1,6-anhydro-?-D-glucofuranose (AGF), another isomer derived from biomass burning, is rarely identified or quantified in existing literature.
Projections of Antarctic Ice Sheet mass loss and therefore global sea level rise are hugely uncertain, partly due to how mass loss of the ice sheet occurs at the grounding line. The Wilkes Subglacial Basin (WSB), a vast region of the East Antarctic Ice Sheet…
Microplastic (MP; plastic particles < 5 mm) pollution is pervasive in the marine environment, including remote polar environments. This study provides the first pan-Antarctic survey of MP pollution in Southern Ocean sea ice by analyzing sea ice cores from several diverse Antarctic regions.