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Accidental fuel spills associated with the storage, transfer, and use of diesel fuel for power generation have occurred on sub-Antarctic Macquarie Island since the establishment of the island's research station in 1948.
Functional trait–based mediation of animal invasions is only now developing, yet it is already showing as much promise as the approach has for plant invasion biology. Here, we provide a theory-founded examination of functional trait–based ecology with respect to animal invasions…
Australia’s record-breaking 2019/20 Black Summer fire weather resulted from a combination of natural and anthropogenic climate factors, but the full range of natural variability in fire weather is unknown.
As the climate warms, the grounded ice sheet and floating ice shelves surrounding Antarctica are melting and releasing additional freshwater into the Southern Ocean. Nonetheless…
Echosounder data are widely collected and employed to address multitude scientific questions, from characterizing pelagic marine ecosystems, to investigating the behaviour and dynamics of marine organisms, and estimating the abundance and biomass of marine resources.
As we learn more about the importance of cetaceans in the Antarctic, including their populations' recovery and needs as krill and fish predators, it is increasingly clear that cetacean science is vital for informing ecosystem-based management.
The scope of this document is model-based estimation of abundance (and its uncertainty) from counts of cetaceans obtained using standard distance sampling line transect surveys (e.g., Buckland et al., 2015).
In this paper, we report on fish by-catch during exploratory fishing activities undertaken in Divisions 58.4.1 and 58.4.2 during the period 2014 to 2020. Fish by-catch comprised 12 species or groups of species. In 2019 and 2020, exploratory fishing occurred exclusively in research block 58.4.
In this paper, we report on fish bycatch during exploratory fishing activities undertaken in Divisions 58.4.1 and 58.4.2 during the period 2016 to 2022. Fish bycatch was composed of at least 14 species or species groups. In 2021 and 2022, exploratory fishing occurred in Division 58.4.2 only…
Elasmobranchs (sharks, skates and rays) are among the least productive fish species, which make their populations vulnerable to increased mortality. Although skates exhibit elevated vulnerability to fishing, they are commonly caught as incidental bycatch in demersal fisheries.
This study presents evidence of diel patterns in fin whale (Balaenoptera physalus) 20 Hz acoustic presence in Eastern Antarctic waters. Passive acoustic recordings were collected at four sites in Eastern Antarctica from 2013 to 2019.
Changes in sea ice conditions and atmospheric circulation over the Southern Ocean play an important role in modulating Antarctic climate. However, observations of both sea ice and wind conditions are limited in Antarctica and the Southern Ocean, both temporally and spatially…
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are well known to accumulate in polar food webs; yet there is little ecotoxicological data available for environmental risk assessment of POPs in these extreme ecosystems. The premise of the tissue residue approach (TRA)…
The analysis of trophically complex mathematical ecosystem models is typically carried out … using numerical techniques because it is considered that the number and nonlinear nature of the equations … involved makes the use of analytic techniques virtually impossible. In particular…
Missing gravity wave drag near 60 degrees south has been proposed as the cause of the common cold bias in modelled southern polar stratospheric temperatures [McLandress et al. 2012]. Potential gravity wave momentum sources around those latitudes, such as jets…
Current interpretation of histological alteration in fish as an indicator of contaminant impact is subjective. Generally severity of alteration is poorly described, and does not allow direct comparison between studies. A histological health index (HHI) modified from Bernet et al (1999)…
A method for combining a proportional-hazards survival time model with a bioassay model where the log-hazard function is modelled as a linear or smoothing spline function of log-concentration combined with a smoothing spline function of time is described.
Terrestrial fuel spills in Antarctica commonly occur on ice-free land around research stations as the result of human activities. Successful clean-up of spills not only requires appropriate remediation strategies and technologies that are effective in cold climates…
Current interpretation of histological alteration in fish as an indicator of contaminant impact is subjective. Generally severity of alteration is poorly described, and does not allow direct comparison between studies. A histological health index (HHI) modified from Bernet et al (1999)…
Antarctica is often considered a pristine wilderness, however, as human occupation and activities in the region increase, it is becoming increasingly apparent that this is not the case.