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Major mid-winter stratospheric sudden warmings (SSWs) are the largest instance of wintertime variability in the Arctic stratosphere. Because SSWs are able to cause significant surface weather anomalies on intra-seasonal timescales…
We present an overview of … state-of-the-art chemistry–climate and chemistry transport models that … are … used within phase 1 of the Chemistry–Climate Model Initiative (CCMI-1).
Chemistry–climate models are important tools for addressing interactions of composition and climate in the Earth system. In particular, they are used to assess the combined roles of greenhouse gases and ozone in Southern Hemisphere climate and weather.
Future changes in the boreal polar vortex under a climate change scenario are still a matter of debate in the scientific community. For example, there is a lack of consensus among models about possible future changes in the frequency of major stratospheric warmings.
Major stratospheric warmings (MSWs) are one of the most important phenomena of wintertime Arctic stratospheric variability. They consist of a warming of the Arctic stratosphere and a deceleration of the polar night jet…
Preliminary findings from the Australian contribution to the Chemistry-Climate Model Initiative (CCMI) are presented. This initiative builds on the 2nd Chemistry Climate Modelling Validation (CCMVal-2), Atmospheric Chemistry & Climate (AC&C) and other global modelling.
This study aims to assess the ability of climate models to reproduce observed stratosphere-troposphere coupling. Coupling between the stratosphere and troposphere is examined via the Southern and Northern Annular Modes (SAM and NAM). These modes…
The Southern Hemisphere mid-latitudes, particularly the area around south-eastern Australia and New Zealand, has been suggested as one of the regions where ozone recovery might first be detected…
Trends in surface atmospheric variables, namely temperature, wind speed and direction, cloud cover, and precipitation, display subtle patterns that are likely linked to climate change and the major modes of climate variability. In particular…
The continent of Antarctica has experienced some of the largest rates of both surface warming and cooling found anywhere on the planet. Unlike in the Arctic, where sea ice has been declining…
Large-scale zonal asymmetries in the climatological spatial pattern of atmospheric variables such as geopotential height, temperature, and trace gas concentration are primarily dictated by the characteristics of quasi-stationary Rossby waves (QSWs).
Results from the chemistry—atmosphere—climate model version of the Australian Community Climate and Earth System Simulator (ACCESS) are presented. ACCESS is based on the UK Met Office Unified Model version 7.3 (UM 7.3) including the United Kingdom Chemistry and Aerosols (UKCA) module.
Tropospheric ozone is a greenhouse gas, ranked third in anthropogenic radiative forcing after CO2 and CH4. Ozone in the troposphere makes up an important fraction of the atmospheric shield against ultraviolet … radiation particularly when stratospheric ozone depletion events occur.