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We explore the utility of estimating the density of calls of baleen whales for better understanding acoustic trends over time. We consider as a case study stereotyped 'song' calls of Antarctic blue whales (Balaenoptera musculus intermedia)…
Allocation of energy is as important as energy uptake for maintaining healthy life cycles and sustainable populations of krill. Environmental factors such as temperature and food availability play important roles in the physiological performance of krill.
Bryophytes are the group of land plants with the lowest photosynthetic rates, which was considered to be a consequence of their higher anatomical CO2 diffusional limitation compared with tracheophytes. However…
Antarctic moss beds are sensitive to climatic conditions, and both their survival and community composition are particularly influenced by the availability of liquid water over summer. As Antarctic regions increasingly face climate pressures (e.g., changing hydrology and heat waves)…
Dense water formation on the Antarctic continental shelf is the main process by which Antarctic Bottom Waters form and is fundamental to the abyssal overturning circulation. However…
Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) is the central prey species in the Southern Ocean food web, supporting the largest and fastest-growing fishery in the region, managed by the Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR).
Species distribution models (SDMs) quantify the relationship between species presence and environmental factors. They are often used to guide conservation management plans, but limited availability of environmental and biological data in undersampled regions, such as the Southern Ocean…
One of the principal factors influencing mass loss and sea level contribution from … the Antarctic Ice Sheet currently and in future centuries is the melting of ice … shelves by the ocean. These floating extensions of the ice sheet buttress against … ice-sheet movement…
The interaction of natural marine aerosol with clouds and radiation is a significant source of climate model uncertainty. The Southern Ocean represents a key area to understand these interactions, and a region where significant model biases exist.
Human-caused climate change worsens with every increment of additional warming, although some impacts can develop abruptly. The potential for abrupt changes is far less understood in the Antarctic compared with the Arctic, but evidence is emerging for rapid…
Vincennes Bay is a region of East Antarctica vulnerable to sub-ice shelf basal melting from warm ocean water intrusions. The sub-ice shelf bathymetry in this region is largely unknown, despite its importance for ocean dynamics within ice shelf cavities and associated sub-ice shelf basal melting.
Blue whale and their subspecies is an endangered whale species that needs to be conserved by protecting their important habitat and migration corridor. Research about designing and modelling blue whale habitat for marine protected area has been done many times. However…
Understanding how marine predators explore dynamic ocean environments is key for assessing the ecological significance of different habitats and for informing conservation efforts. This is particularly critical in remote and poorly surveyed regions…
Human influence on Antarctic marine ecosystems is a growing concern, despite limited … information being available. This study investigated the coastal meiofauna and environmental … parameters of 10 locations, 4 of which served as reference points (OB1, OB2, OB3, and McGrady)…
1. Marine invasive species can cause irreparable change in new environments, though not all non-native … species inevitably cause negative impacts to recipient … ecosystems.
The presence of unique biological archives (e.g., springtails, Arthropoda: Collembola) in Antarctic ice-free regions provides powerful evidence for testing assumptions about when and how the current ice sheet reached its present-day configuration. Springtails, where present, may suggest long-term…
The dynamics of the Antarctic ice sheet are key factors affecting global climate change. To project future sea level changes, ice sheet models are developed based on a discrete grid system, which profoundly impacts the accuracy of numerical simulations.
Antarctica harbors many distinctive features of life, yet much about the diversity and functioning of Antarctica's life remains unknown. Evolutionary histories and functional ecology are well understood only for vertebrates…
Functional trait–based mediation of animal invasions is only now developing, yet it is already showing as much promise as the approach has for plant invasion biology. Here, we provide a theory-founded examination of functional trait–based ecology with respect to animal invasions…
Shipborne observations from the CAPRICORN-2018 field campaign were used to investigate the characteristics and variability of precipitation across different sectors of an extra-tropical cyclone on 16 February 2018, over the Southern Ocean (SO). Three distinct time periods—frontal, post-frontal…
The Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF) calls for a 50% reduction in rates of invasive alien species establishment by 2030. However, estimating changes in rates of introduction and establishment is far from straightforward, particularly on a national scale.