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The Antarctic marine environment, although rich in life, is predicted to experience rapid and significant effects from climate change. Despite a revolution in the approaches used to document biodiversity…
Blue whales Balaenoptera musculus at South Georgia were heavily exploited during 20th century industrial whaling, to the point of local near-extirpation. Although legal whaling for blue whales ceased in the 1960s…
Toward the poles, life on land is increasingly dominated by microorganisms, yet the evolutionary origin of polar microbiomes remains poorly understood. Here, we use metabarcoding of Arctic, sub-Antarctic…
Blue whale populations each produce distinctive repeated songs that are stable over periods of decades, and can be used to identify where each population resides and moves. In the Southern Hemisphere and northern Indian Ocean, there are at least seven distinct populations based on their songs…
Elasmobranchs (sharks, skates and rays) are among the least productive fish species, which make their populations vulnerable to increased mortality. Although skates exhibit elevated vulnerability to fishing, they are commonly caught as incidental bycatch in demersal fisheries.
The Southern Ocean is vitally important in understanding climate change, both regionally and globally, due to factors such as the presence of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current, seasonal sea-ice and strong Southern Hemisphere westerly winds. Also, the upper branch of the Circumpolar Deep Water (UCDW)…
A large collection of ascidians was made during the CEAMARC Aurora Australis V3 cruise off Terre Adélie and George V … Land a region rarely investigated before at these depths. Sampling was performed by beam trawls and a dredge between 138°– 146° latitude East and from 150 to 1700 m depth…
1. The likelihood that seabirds will be hooked and drowned in longline fisheries increases when baited hooks sink slowly. Fishermen target different fishing depths by setting the mainline through a line shooter, which controls the tension (or slackness) in the line.
Reconstructing and modeling extent and dynamics of ice sheets is crucial in … understanding and predicting the evolution of ice sheets. Key to ice sheet dynamics are ice … streams, which drain most of the ice from the ice sheet interior to the ice shelves, where most of … the ice is lost.
A high-resolution, offline ocean general circulation model, incorporating a realistic parameterization of … mixed layer convection, is used to diagnose pathways and time scales of Southern Hemisphere intermediate, mode, and lower thermocline water ventilation.
We describe the circulation and seasonal development of the upper ocean … in the Seasonal Ice Zone (SIZ) of the Southern Ocean along 140°E. The 140°E section … was repeated four times between November 2001 and March 2002, spanning the period … from early spring to autumn.
Based to a large degree on the precedent set by CCAMLR in 1991, the streamer line has … become the primary, and most commonly prescribed, seabird mitigation device in world … longline fi sheries. This paper reviews CCAMLR streamer line requirements (Conservation … Measure 25-02 (2002)…
Twenty one XBT sections across the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) between New … Zealand and Antarctica, collected in the frame of the Italian CLIMA project (1994-2006), are … used to study the upper ocean thermal structure and to infer the baroclinic transport. The … Subantarctic Front (SAF)…
Vertical temperature profiles collected by king penguins and elephant seals are used to map … oceanographic fronts south of Australia and New Zealand. Independently, the Southern … Ocean front locations are derived using satellite synoptic maps of sea surface height (SSH).
Nearly 36,000 vertical temperature profiles collected by 15 king penguins are used to map oceanographic fronts south of … New Zealand. There is good correspondence between Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC)…
Photometric intensity measurements of the OH(6-2) band P1(2), P1(3), P1(4) and P1(5) emissions were collected at a four minute repetition rate at Davis station, Antarctica during 1994. These data are being examined to determine the magnitude…
The Southern Ocean south of Australia is oceanographically complex, being characterized by double branches of the … Sub-Antarctic Front (SAF), Polar Front (PF) and Southern Antarctic Circumpolar Current (SACCF), in addition to the … Southern Boundary (SB) of the ACC.
Abstract: The structure and variability of Southern Ocean fronts south of New Zealand are described based … on fifteen summer expendable bathythermograph (XBT) sections obtained between 1994 and 2001.