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Incidental mortality in fisheries is a major driver of population declines for albatrosses and petrels globally. However, accurate identification of species can be difficult due to the poor condition of bycaught birds and/or visual similarities between closely related species.
All aspects of biodiversity research, from taxonomy to conservation, rely on data associated with species names. Effective integration of names across multiple fields is paramount and depends on the coordination and organization of taxonomic data.
Observations of sea surface height (SSH) from the Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) satellite have demonstrated remarkable potential for resolving mesoscale and submesoscale ocean features, which are crucial for deriving vertical velocities…
Airborne environmental DNA (airborne eDNA) analysis leverages the globally ubiquitous medium of air to deliver broad species distribution data and support ecosystem monitoring across diverse environments. As this emerging technology matures…
Genetic diversity is essential for maintaining healthy populations and ecosystems. Several approaches have recently been … developed to evaluate population genetic trends without necessarily collecting new genetic data. Such "genetic diversity … indicators" enable rapid…
Accurate assessment of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and their redistribution among the atmosphere, ocean, and terrestrial biosphere in a changing climate is critical to better understand the global carbon cycle, support the development of climate policies…
The large-scale exploitation of whale populations in the whaling era led to the near extirpation of large whales all over the world. This must have had major repercussions for marine ecosystems globally.
Southern hemisphere humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae, SHHW) breeding populations follow a high-fidelity Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) diet while feeding in distinct sectors of the Southern Ocean.
The globally significant communities of terrestrial Antarctica face an uncertain future amid growing threats in the region. Emerging data-driven approaches must be leveraged to predict and understand patterns of biodiversity across the continent.
Antarctica is one of Earth's most untouched, inhospitable, and poorly known regions. Although knowledge of its biodiversity has increased over recent decades, a diverse, wide-ranging…
Executive Summary: This Report summarises the outcomes of a Workshop on the topic of climate tipping points. While it contains a limited number of key references and points from the wider literature…
Accurate assessment of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and their redistribution among the atmosphere, ocean, and terrestrial biosphere in a changing climate is critical to better understand the global carbon cycle, support the development of climate policies…
Stratosphere–troposphere exchange can be considered globally within the framework of the atmosphere's general circulation as the transfer of air masses through the tropopause with ascending (descending) flows in the tropics (extratropical latitudes).
The Hunga Tonga–Hunga Ha?apai volcano erupted on 15 January 2022, launching Lamb waves and gravity waves into the atmosphere. In this study, we present results using 13 globally distributed meteor radars and identify the volcanogenic gravity waves in the mesospheric/lower thermospheric winds.
Toward the poles, life on land is increasingly dominated by microorganisms, yet the evolutionary origin of polar microbiomes remains poorly understood. Here, we use metabarcoding of Arctic, sub-Antarctic…
On January 15, 2022, an ongoing eruption at the Hunga-Tonga Hunga-Ha'apai volcano generated a large explosion which resulted in a globally observed tsunami and atmospheric pressure wave.
Despite widespread iron (Fe) limitation in the Southern Ocean, intense phytoplankton blooms are observed around productive coastal regions such as the Mertz Polynya (off George V Land and Adelie Land, East Antarctica; 140–155°E). Sources of Fe across coastal East Antarctica vary…
To understand the scope and scale of the loss of biodiversity, tools are required that can be applied in a standardized manner to all species globally, spanning realms from land to the open ocean.
Fisheries are human activities that alter resource availability for species in marine ecosystems. While fisheries remove fish biomass, they may also provide new feeding opportunities to various marine predators. These species, depredating on catches directly on the fishing gear…
Marine non-native species present an increasing threat to Antarctic marine ecosystems, particularly under climate change. This paper sets out progress with ongoing work initiated by the CEP Subsidiary Group on Climate Change Response (SGCCR)…
The response of the global water cycle to changes in global surface temperature remains an outstanding question in future climate projections and in past climate reconstructions. The stable hydrogen and oxygen isotope compositions of precipitation (?precip), meteoric water (?MW) and seawater (?SW)…
The fin whale is listed as globally vulnerable, with ongoing threats to their population, yet little is known about the distribution and movements of the Southern Hemisphere sub-species, Balaenoptera physalus quoyi.
Many populations of southern hemisphere baleen whales are recovering and are again becoming dominant consumers in the Southern Ocean. Key to understanding the present and future role of baleen whales in Southern Ocean ecosystems is determining their abundance on foraging grounds.