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Sea ice freeboard distributions are detennined from ICESat measurements of mean surface … elevations with a range precision of -2 cm over 70 m footprints spaced by 170 m along … track. Freeboard (snow cover plus sea ice) distributions are constructed from elevation … measurements within :i:
Techniques to calculate sea ice thickness from measurements of sea ice freeboard from … spacebome radar and laser altimeters in the Arctic have the potential to be used in the … Antarctic. The conversion of freeboard, measured by the altimeter…
Estimates of sea ice thickness around Antarctica are particularly sparse due to the … difficulty of accessing the continent (particularly during winter) and the lack of submarine … data. However recent measurements of ice or snow freeboard, from both space-borne radar … and laser…
Ship-based observations of sea ice conditions have been collated from 89 voyages to the … Antarctic pack ice, between 1980 and 2005. These data were collected primarily by … Russian, Australia, US…
To date humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) that breed close to the west (stock D) and the … east coast (stock E) of Australia are thought to restrict their feeding to IWC Management areas IV and … V respectively…
The most recent assessment of stocks D and E uses a population model that allows for mixing between feeding areas (Johnston … and Butterworth 2002, 2005).
Since the 1990s there has been a period of rapid climate warming in Europe. Long-term broad scale … datasets coupled with time series at specific locations for rocky intertidal species dating back to the 1950s … have been collected in Britain and Ireland. Resurveys of the original locations in 2001…
Methods of inverting high-frequency radar land and sea backscatter to obtain … ionospheric vertical profiles offer an important means of remote sensing the ionosphere up … to thousands of kilometers from the transmitter/receiver location.
Auroral westward flow channels (A WFCs) are intense, narrow channels of westward drift overlapping the equatorward edge of the … auroral oval in the pre-magnetic midnight sector. They are a close relative of the sub-auroral polarisation stream which encompasses … polarisation jets…
Although huddling was shown to be the key by which emperor penguins (Aptenodytes forsteri) save energy and sustain their breeding fast … during the Antarctic winter, the intricacies of this social behavior have been poorly studied.
Background: Poorly preserved biological tissues have become an important source of DNA for … a wide range of zoological studies. Measuring the quality of DNA obtained from these samples is … often desired; however…
This study investigated the feasibility and validity of using non-invasively … collected ice urine samples to measure cortisol concentrations in Weddell seals. Radio-immunoassays were used to determine urinary cortisol, and spectrophotometric … assay was used to determine creatinine concentrations.
As a result of selective pressures faced during lactation, vocal recognition may … play a crucial role in maintaining the phocid mother–pup bond during the period … of dependence. To investigate this possibility, we examined whether Weddell seal … (Leptonychotes weddellii)…
Growth conditions in Antarctica are extreme, and the few plants that can … grow there are exposed to a highly seasonal, rapidly variable and often … extreme climate. In recent decades, these plants have also been exposed to … increased levels of UV-B radiation (UV-BR)…
The Doppler velocity and spectral width are two … important parameters derived from coherent scatter radar … systems. The Super Dual Auroral Radar Network (Super- … DARN)…
An image of the dayside low-energy ion outflow event … that occurred on ] 6 December 2003 was constructed with … ground- and space-basedG PS (Global Positioning System) Total Electron Content (TEC) data and ion drift metcr data … from the DMSP (Defense Meteorological Satellite Program)…
Electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) waves are generated in the equatorial … region of the plasmasphere-magnetospherbey internal wave-particle interaction … with ring current ions. In ground observations they are observed as Pc 1-2 (0.1-5 … Hz) waves…
A review is presented of passive coherent and incoherent radar observations of … ultra-low-frequency (ULF) waves. Passive radars primarily observe the ionospheric … signatures of the shear Alfven field line resonance (FLR). Recent results … include:
The field of ultra-low frequency (ULF) wave research is an important piece in … the jigsaw of the dynamics of the Earth's magnetospheric system. These waves are … recognized through their interactions with particles and fields, and energy transfer … processes.