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The Totten Glacier in East Antarctica, with an ice volume equivalent to >3.5?m of global sea-level rise, is grounded below sea level and, therefore, vulnerable to ocean forcing. Here…
The Antarctic Slope Current is guided by the topographic gradient of the Antarctic continental slope and creates a dynamical barrier between the continental shelf and the open ocean.
Hadal trenches are unique geological and ecological systems located along subduction zones. Earthquake-triggered turbidites act as efficient transport pathways of organic carbon (OC), yet remineralization and transformation of OC in these systems are not comprehensively understood.
Understanding how climate change influences ocean-driven melting of the Antarctic ice shelves is one of the greatest challenges for projecting future sea level rise. The East Antarctic ice shelf cavities host cold water masses that limit melting…
While satellite altimeters have revolutionized ocean science, validation measurements in high wave environments are rare. Using geodetic Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) data collected from the Southern Ocean Flux Station (SOFS; ?47°S, 142°E) since 2019…
Antarctic climate warming and atmospheric CO2 rise during the last deglaciation may be attributed in part to sea ice reduction in the Southern Ocean. Yet, glacial–interglacial Antarctic sea ice dynamics and underlying mechanisms are poorly constrained, as robust sea ice proxy evidence is sparse.
The tropical Pacific Ocean is a key regulator of Earth's climate, with teleconnections that influence remote locations all around the world.
Large earthquakes in the vicinity of Antarctica have the potential to cause postseismic viscoelastic deformation affecting measurements of displacement that are used to constrain models of glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA). In November 2013, a Mw 7.
The collapse of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet is a worrying climate tipping point, with the potential to raise global sea level by up to 5.3 metres. Now, an assessment of future climate scenarios suggests that accelerated melting of ice shelves in West Antarctica is locked in…
Body-size relationships between predators and prey exhibit remarkable diversity. However, the assumption that predators typically consume proportionally smaller prey often underlies size-dependent predation in ecosystem models. In reality…
Multiple datasets show the Antarctic Ice Sheet has lost mass over recent decades and therefore contributed to sea-level rise. Short-term variability in ice mass has been associated partly with El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO), for both the grounded ice sheet and its bounding ice shelves…
Antarctic sea ice plays an important role in Southern Ocean biogeochemistry and mediating Earth's climate system. Yet our understanding of biogeochemical cycling in sea ice is limited by the availability of relevant data over sufficient temporal and spatial scales.
Fabrics, also known as textures or crystallographic preferred orientations, reveal information about the deformation history of the flow of polycrystalline materials, including glacial ice, olivine in the mantle, and feldspar and quartz in the crust.
Greenhouse gases and aerosols play a major role in controlling global climate change. Greenhouse gases drive a radiative imbalance which warms the ocean, while aerosols cool the ocean. Since 1980, the effective radiation felt by the planet due to anthropogenic aerosols has leveled off…
Dense, cold waters formed on Antarctic continental shelves descend along the Antarctic continental margin, where they mix with other Southern Ocean waters to form Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW). AABW then spreads into the deepest parts of all major ocean basins…
The Weddell Gyre is one of the dominant features of the Southern Ocean circulation and its dynamics have been linked to processes of climatic relevance.
Precision, accuracy, and temporal resolution are key to making full use of atmospheric trace gas records in ice cores. These aspects will become especially crucial for ice cores that aim to extend the ice core record to the last 1.5?Myr, i.e., across the Mid-Pleistocene Transition…
As a long-standing problem in climate models, large positive shortwave radiation biases exist at the surface over the Southern Ocean, impacting the accurate simulation of sea surface temperature, atmospheric circulation, and precipitation.
This Summary for Policymakers uses information and infographics from the research articles, updated with other more recent research articles, to provide the following information: 1.
Improving our understanding of the effects of satellite tags on large whales is a critical step in ongoing tag development to minimise potential health effects whilst addressing important research questions that enhance conservation management policy. In 2014…
Toward the poles, life on land is increasingly dominated by microorganisms, yet the evolutionary origin of polar microbiomes remains poorly understood. Here, we use metabarcoding of Arctic, sub-Antarctic…
Poor coverage of the Antarctic continental shelf bathymetry impedes understanding the oceanographic processes affecting Antarctica’s role in global climate. Continental shelf bathymetry influences warm modified Circumpolar Deep Water movement onto the shelf…
Mapping Antarctic Specially Protected Areas (ASPAs) remains a critical yet challenging task, especially in extreme environments like Antarctica. Traditional methods are often cumbersome, expensive, and risky, with limited satellite data further hindering accuracy.
One of the key components of this research has been the mapping of Antarctic bed topography and ice thickness parameters that are crucial for modelling ice flow and hence for predicting future ice loss and the ensuing sea level rise. Supported by the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR)…
Here, we present the Grym package (Wotherspoon and Maschette, 2020). Designed to work within R (R Core Team, 2020), the Grym was built with the aim to provide a toolbox of functions that replicate the existing core functionality of the GYM software (compiled version 501E; Constable, 2004).