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Many modern spatially explicit ecosystem models use modelling subdomains of different … shape and size (‘polygons’) to resolve space, and movement of biomass between them forms … an important part of the modelling effort. In marine applications…
Abstract The diet of pinnipeds is most commonly … inferred from morphologically diagnostic remains of prey … in their scats. Although this method can generate quantitative … estimates of diet simply, important prey types may not … always be detected.
Pelagic longline and trawl fisheries are known to kill large numbers of albatrosses worldwide. However, the impact on individual species and populations has rarely been assessed, often … because many albatross species are difficult to identify. Shy albatrosses (Thalassarche … cauta)…
In their Policy Forum review “Do the largest protected areas conserve whales or whalers?” (Science, 28 Jan 2006, p.525), Gerber and co-authors criticised the scientific basis of the International Whaling Commissions’ (IWC)…
To date humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) that breed close to the west (stock D) and the … east coast (stock E) of Australia are thought to restrict their feeding to IWC Management areas IV and … V respectively…
The most recent assessment of stocks D and E uses a population model that allows for mixing between feeding areas (Johnston … and Butterworth 2002, 2005).
The area surrounding the Antarctic that is annually covered by sea ice is one of the most conspicuous and well-defined oceanic … regions on the planet. In winter, 19 million km2 are ice-covered and in summer only 4 million km2 of sea ice remains.
ABSTRACT. In November 2005, the first comprehensive survey for Ad´elie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) breeding … sites in the Robinson Group of islands, situated 25 to 55 km east of Australia’s Mawson station (67.602◦S, 62.879◦E) was conducted.
Since the 1990s there has been a period of rapid climate warming in Europe. Long-term broad scale … datasets coupled with time series at specific locations for rocky intertidal species dating back to the 1950s … have been collected in Britain and Ireland. Resurveys of the original locations in 2001…
Long term acoustic records of underwater sound can be used to assess the timing of migrations, peak periods of … relative abundance, and seasonality and overlap of different species’ presence over large spatial scales.
An historical data set, collected in 1958 by Southward and Crisp, was used as a baseline for detecting … change in the abundances of species in the rocky intertidal of Ireland. In 2003, the abundances of each of … 27 species was assessed using the same methodologies (ACFOR…
The MarClim project was a four year multi-partner funded project created to investigate the effects of climatic warming on marine biodiversity. In particular the project aimed to use intertidal species, whose abundances had been shown to fluctuate with changes in climatic conditions…
The effect of different light regimes on physiological parameters (feeding activity, oxygen consumption, and … activity of the metabolic enzyme malate dehydrogenase [MDH]) of Antarctic krill, Euphausia superba, was studied … over 12 weeks under laboratory conditions.
Krill are thought to be predominantly herbivorous, but a heterotrophic diet might be crucial for … their growth and survival. To compare the influence of herbivory and carnivory on krill we conducted a nine … month feeding trial. We examined lipid composition of the hepatopancreas…
Antarctic krill has been studied for many decades, but we are still long way from understanding … their biology to be able to make reliable predictions about the reaction of their populations to environmental … change. This is partly due to certain difficulties in relation to logistics…
Hundreds of thousands of seabirds are killed each year as a result of interacting with longline … and trawl fishing operations, and the severity of the impact varies regionally. Shy and whitecapped … albatrosses, Thalassarche cauta and Thalassarche steadi respectively…
Southern Ocean waters are highly productive and contain important food resources for … many indigenous predators, including humans. Management of these resources has fallen under … the regulation of the Convention for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources … (CCAMLR)…
We use line transect detection functions together with generalized linear and additive … models to estimate detection probability when detection on the line ("g(O)") may … not be certain.