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In the Subantarctic Southern Ocean, primary productivity is predominantly limited by seasonal changes in light and iron (Fe) availability, shaping the phytoplankton community and impacting the magnitude of the biological carbon pump. However, quantifying the seasonal iron cycle is challenging…
Levoglucosan (LEV) and two of its isomers, mannosan (MAN) and galactosan (GAL), are commonly used as biomass burning tracers, however 1,6-anhydro-?-D-glucofuranose (AGF), another isomer derived from biomass burning, is rarely identified or quantified in existing literature.
Global climate models and reanalysis products have revealed large, persistent downwelling shortwave radiation biases over the Southern Ocean and coastal Antarctica, likely caused by the incapability of models to accurately simulate frequent low-level mixed-phase clouds in these regions.
Projections of Antarctic Ice Sheet mass loss and therefore global sea level rise are hugely uncertain, partly due to how mass loss of the ice sheet occurs at the grounding line. The Wilkes Subglacial Basin (WSB), a vast region of the East Antarctic Ice Sheet…
Genetic diversity is essential for maintaining healthy populations and ecosystems. Several approaches have recently been … developed to evaluate population genetic trends without necessarily collecting new genetic data. Such "genetic diversity … indicators" enable rapid…
The Hunga Tonga-Hunga/Hunga-Ha'apai eruption on January 15, 2022 sent off a plume of ash material up to the stratosphere and triggered a meteotsunami and … barometric pressure pulse that rippled through the atmosphere and oceans all around the world.
Microplastic (MP; plastic particles < 5 mm) pollution is pervasive in the marine environment, including remote polar environments. This study provides the first pan-Antarctic survey of MP pollution in Southern Ocean sea ice by analyzing sea ice cores from several diverse Antarctic regions.
The last glacial termination was characterised by millennial-scale episodes of warming and cooling that appear offset between the hemispheres. It has been proposed that this bi-polar seesaw is the result of climate system feedbacks. A key debate, which remains unresolved…
Over the last decade, the Southern Ocean has experienced episodes of severe sea ice area decline. Abrupt events of sea ice loss are challenging to predict, in part due to … incomplete understanding of processes occurring at the scale of individual ice floes. Here, we use high-resolution altimetry…
For nearly 3 decades, geodetic Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) measurements in Antarctica have provided direct observations of bedrock displacement, which is linked to various geodynamic processes, including plate motion, post-seismic deformation, and glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA).
Much of the Antarctic coast is covered by seasonal landfast sea ice (fast ice), which serves as an … important habitat for ice algae. Fast?ice algae provide a key early season food source for pelagic and benthic … food webs, and contribute to biogeochemical cycling in Antarctic coastal ecosystems.
Weather systems in the southern Indian Ocean influence East Antarctic precipitation variability and surface mass balance. However…
Metals are important nutrients to marine life but may cause toxicity at elevated concentrations. There is uncertainty about how sediment metal concentrations influence benthic biodiversity, in part because metal bioavailability depends on sediment properties.
Accurate assessment of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and their redistribution among the atmosphere, ocean, and terrestrial biosphere in a changing climate is critical to better understand the global carbon cycle, support the development of climate policies…
Understanding and quantifying the global methane (CH4) budget is important for assessing realistic pathways to mitigate climate change. CH4 is the second most important human-influenced greenhouse gas in terms of climate forcing after carbon dioxide (CO2)…
Programs for the measurement of atmospheric carbon dioxide using infra-red gas analysis techniques, have now been conducted by CSIRO in the Australian/Antarctic region of the Southern Hemisphere for over fifty years. In this report…
Glaciers and ice sheets are an integral part of Earth's system, advancing and retreating in response to changes in climate. Clues about the past, present and future behaviour of these ice masses are found throughout current and former glaciated landscapes. In this commentary…
The large-scale exploitation of whale populations in the whaling era led to the near extirpation of large whales all over the world. This must have had major repercussions for marine ecosystems globally.
Global sea levels are rising due, in large part, to the increase in the rate of melting of ice sheets as a direct result of climate change. A large fraction of uncertainty in future sea level rise comes from limited understanding of basal conditions under ice sheets. Specifically…
settingsOrder Article Reprints … Open AccessReview … Unmanned Aerial Vehicles for Real-Time Vegetation Monitoring in Antarctica: A Review … by Kaelan Lockhart 1,2,*ORCID,Juan Sandino 1,2ORCID,Narmilan Amarasingam 3,4ORCID,Richard Hann 5ORCID,Barbara Bollard 3,4ORCID andFelipe Gonzalez 1…
Ecosystem models are often used to predict the consequences of management interventions in applied ecology and conservation. These models are often high-dimensional and nonlinear, yet limited data are available to calibrate or validate them. Consequently…
Southern Ocean (SO) air is amongst the most pristine on Earth, particularly during winter. Historically, there has been a focus on biogenic sources as an explanation for the seasonal cycle in cloud condensation nuclei concentrations (NCCN). NCCN is also sensitive to the strength of sink terms…
The Antarctic vortex of October–December 2020 was the strongest on record in the satellite era for the season in the mid- to lower stratosphere. However, it was poorly predicted by the Australian Bureau of Meteorology's operational seasonal climate forecast system of that time, ACCESS-S1…
Recent studies have revealed the presence of a complex freshwater system underlying the Aurora Subglacial Basin (ASB), a region of East Antarctica that contains ?7 m of global sea level potential in ice mainly grounded below sea level. However…
Cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) play a fundamental role in determining the microphysical properties of low-level clouds that are crucial for defining the energy budget over the Southern Ocean (SO). However, many aspects of the CCN budget over the SO remains poorly understood…