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This editorial introduces a suite of articles resulting from the second Sea Ice Physics and Ecosystems eXperiment (SIPEX-2) voyage by presenting some background information on the study area and Antarctic sea-ice conditions, and summarising the key findings from the project.
Antarctic and Southern Ocean science is vital to understanding natural variability, the processes that govern global change and the role of humans in the Earth and climate system. The potential for new knowledge to be gained from future Antarctic science is substantial. Therefore…
Echosounder data are widely collected and employed to address multitude scientific questions, from characterizing pelagic marine ecosystems, to investigating the behaviour and dynamics of marine organisms, and estimating the abundance and biomass of marine resources.
As we learn more about the importance of cetaceans in the Antarctic, including their populations' recovery and needs as krill and fish predators, it is increasingly clear that cetacean science is vital for informing ecosystem-based management.
Background … Satellite tags were deployed on 50 east Australian humpback whales (breeding stock E1) between 2008 and 2010 on their southward migration, northward migration and feeding grounds in order to identify and describe migratory pathways, feeding grounds and possible calving areas.
Here we present preliminary results on krill distribution from data collected from the Norwegian fishing vessel (F/V) Antarctic Endurance during her commercial operation for Antarctic krill in subareas 48.1 and 48.2 during different timings of the year in 2020, 2021 and 2022.
The zonal wavenumber spectrum of planetary waves in the atmosphere above Antarctica was studied in two contrasting years: in 2019 when there was a sudden stratospheric warming (SSW), and in 2020 when the Antarctic stratospheric vortex was unusually strong and long-lived.
Australia has decided not to proceed with a proposal to construct and operate a paved runway near Davis research station in the Vestfold Hills, East Antarctica (the Davis Aerodrome Project), following careful consideration of the likely environmental impact, cost and complexity of the project.
The Australian Antarctic Strategy and 20 Year Action Plan: Update 2022 reaffirms Australia's ongoing commitment to best practice environmental stewardship in Antarctica. Related high priority actions over the next five years include establishing a Cleaner Antarctica science program…
There is growing evidence that the Antarctic is increasingly exposed to chemical stressors. Antarctica is impacted by global issues such as climate change and long-range transport of chemicals. Furthermore, expanding tourism and research activities…
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Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) is a keystone species in the Southern Ocean ecosystem, and monitoring its distribution and abundance is crucial for the sustainable management of expanding fisheries targeting the species. Environmental DNA (eDNA)…
The relationships between flying Antarctic seabirds and their at-sea environments remain poorly understood, particularly outside of the breeding season. Improving our knowledge of how these marine predators use their habitat is a critical step towards conservation of these species.
Polar oceans and sea ice cover 15% of the Earth's ocean surface, and the environment is changing rapidly at both poles. Improving knowledge on the interactions between the atmospheric and oceanic realms in the polar regions, a Surface Ocean–Lower Atmosphere Study (SOLAS) project key focus…
Ecosystem dynamics at the northwest Antarctic Peninsula are driven by interactions between physical and biological processes. For example, baleen whale populations are recovering from commercial harvesting against the backdrop of rapid climate change…
Sea ice is a key habitat in the high latitude Southern Ocean and is predicted to change in its extent, thickness and duration in coming decades. The sea-ice cover is instrumental in mediating ocean…
Marine migratory species tend to be overlooked in marine spatial planning due to limited knowledge of their habitats and migration pathways, resulting in a disconnect between animal migration ecology and spatial management decision making.
The ecosystem approach to fisheries has been discussed since the 1980s. It aims to reduce risks from fisheries to whole, or components of, ecosystems, not just to target species. Precautionary approaches further aim to keep the risk of damage to a low level. Here…
Many populations of southern hemisphere baleen whales are recovering and are again becoming dominant consumers in the Southern Ocean. Key to understanding the present and future role of baleen whales in Southern Ocean ecosystems is determining their abundance on foraging grounds.
The Antarctic krill is a dominant species of the Southern Ocean ecosystem, with possibly the largest biomass of any wild animal species on Earth. Krill play fundamental roles in marine food webs, including carbon cycling, and nutrient cycles.