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A Rayleigh lidar at Davis, Antarctica (69S, 78E) has made intermittent observations of clouds for the last few years. Radiosondes and a co-located wind-profiling radar provide additional data with which to characterise the clouds and the environment in which they exist.
Polar Stratospheric Cloud (PSC) composition class information is extracted from the Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP) curtains for four Antarctic PSC seasons (2007 - 2010) and four Arctic PSC seasons (2006/07 - 2009/10). Orographic gravity wave (OGW)…
The 2013 ozone hole was relatively small, with about 15-17 ozone holes out of the last 20 (1994-2013) having been bigger/deeper (depending on the metric used), and only 2-4 having been smaller (2002, 2004, 2010, 2012).
Bromine explosion events that occur over first year sea ice in the polar spring cause mercury deposition and dramatically alter the oxidative capacity of the polar boundary layer. Atmospheric chemical measurements made during the Sea Ice Physics and Ecosystems eXperiment (SIPEX II)…
Considerable progress in our understanding of the causes of polar stratospheric ozone loss has been made during the past two decades. However, model calculations are still limited by uncertainties in both chemical and dynamical factors.
The composition of the stratosphere is driven by transport, temperatures and processes in the tropical tropopause layer – this has implications for ozone, radiation, and surface climate. The properties of the tropical tropopause layer have changed in recent decades, e.g.
The ozone hole over Antarctica is formed inside polar stratospheric vortex, which is under influence of large-scale planetary waves. The Quasi-stationary wave (QSW) in the spring Southern Hemisphere (SH)…
The cause of seasonal trends in the zonal asymmetry of the total ozone column (TOC) at high southern latitudes are examined. Using ERA-Interim assimilated meteorological data, we examine characteristics of extra-tropical Rossby waves…
Links between changes in the southern polar stratosphere and tropospheric climate have been identified in both modelling and observational studies, highlighting the importance of an accurate stratosphere in climate models. However…
The upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UTLS) is a highly coupled region of the atmosphere where radiation, dynamics, clouds and chemical processes interact on a wide variety of spatial and temporal scales. We use a suite of instruments at Davis, Antarctica (69S, 78E)…
This paper aims to provide the overview needed to include krill in food-web models and to guide modellers to key sources of data. It describes the strengths of each method of sampling krill, i.e. with nets (for historical time series, demographic information and live krill), acoustics (distribution…
Protection of the wilderness and aesthetic values of Antarctica is mandated by the Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty, the “Madrid Protocol,” which came into force in 1998. Despite the passage of over 13 years…