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We review the 2012 Antarctic ozone hole, making use of various meteorological … reanalyses, remotely sensed ozone measurements and ground-based measurements … of ultra-violet radiation. Based on analysis of 33 years of satellite records…
Gases released by human activity (greenhouse and ozone depleting gases) are responsible for global change. They are long-lived and well-mixed in the atmosphere. The Antarctic regions, remote from industrial and land plant activity are ideally located to measure global changes in the gases.
Protoxylem plays an important role in the hydraulic function of vascular systems of both herbaceous and woody plants, but relatively little is known about the processes underlying maintenance of protoxylem function in long-lived tissues. In the present study…
One of the serious threats to the Antarctic marine ecosystem is the release of large volumes of petroleum fuel. Numerous fuel spill incidents have occurred and risks of a major spill are increasing due to continued expansion of human activity in the Antarctic region.
1.Ecosystem change is predicted to become more prevalent with climate change. Widespread dieback of cushion plants and bryophytes in alpine fellfield on Macquarie Island may represent such change. Loss of the keystone endemic cushion plant, Azorella macquariensis…
A method for combining a proportional-hazards survival time model with a bioassay model where the log-hazard function is modelled as a linear or smoothing spline function of log-concentration combined with a smoothing spline function of time is described.
There have been a number of fuel spills (diesels and lubricating oils) on sub-Antarctic Macquarie Island associated with fuel storage and power generation for the island’s research station. The Australian Antarctic Division is currently working to remediate these sites over the next 5-10 years.
Macquarie Island currently has no specific water quality guidelines to indicate a safe level of contamination on the island. This study investigated the toxic effects and accumulation of Cu and Zn in the subantarctic invertebrate, Exosphaeroma gigas. Further to this…
During the 2009/2010 summer field season a comprehensive environmental impact assessment (EIA) of the sewage discharge at Davis Station, East Antarctica was conducted. As part of this EIA, a preliminary histopathological survey of the gills and liver in the emerald rock cod (Trematomus bernacchii)…
Two sets of historical 3-ensemble simulations have been obtained with versions 1.0 and 1.3 of the Australian Community Climate and Earth System Simulator (ACCESS) to examine the effects of ozone change since 1960.
Poa annua is the most widespread alien species in the sub-Antarctic, occurring on all major island groups and is invasive and spreading on the Antarctic Peninsula. P. annua colonises areas disturbed by human activity, seal wallows, penguin rookeries and glacial moraines.
The Antarctic ozone hole of 2011 is reviewed from a variety of perspectives, making … use of various data and analyses. The ozone hole of 2011 was relatively large … in terms of maximum area, minimum ozone level and total ozone deficit…
Terrestrial fuel spills in Antarctica commonly occur on ice?free land around research stations as the result of human activities. Successful spill clean?ups require appropriate targets that confirm contaminated sites are no longer likely to pose environmental risk following remediation.
A method for combining a proportional-hazards survival time model with a bioassay model where the log-hazard function is modelled as a linear function of log-concentration combined with a cubic smoothing spline function of time is described.
Chemical contamination resulting from human activities has been identified in … nearshore marine environments in the vicinity of Antarctic Research Stations. To better … manage and remediate contaminated sites, and to assess the risks of ongoing activities…