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We review the 2012 Antarctic ozone hole, making use of various meteorological … reanalyses, remotely sensed ozone measurements and ground-based measurements … of ultra-violet radiation. Based on analysis of 33 years of satellite records…
One of the serious threats to the Antarctic marine ecosystem is the release of large volumes of petroleum fuel. Numerous fuel spill incidents have occurred and risks of a major spill are increasing due to continued expansion of human activity in the Antarctic region.
1.Ecosystem change is predicted to become more prevalent with climate change. Widespread dieback of cushion plants and bryophytes in alpine fellfield on Macquarie Island may represent such change. Loss of the keystone endemic cushion plant, Azorella macquariensis…
Macquarie Island currently has no specific water quality guidelines to indicate a safe level of contamination on the island. This study investigated the toxic effects and accumulation of Cu and Zn in the subantarctic invertebrate, Exosphaeroma gigas. Further to this…
During the 2009/2010 summer field season a comprehensive environmental impact assessment (EIA) of the sewage discharge at Davis Station, East Antarctica was conducted. As part of this EIA, a preliminary histopathological survey of the gills and liver in the emerald rock cod (Trematomus bernacchii)…
Two sets of historical 3-ensemble simulations have been obtained with versions 1.0 and 1.3 of the Australian Community Climate and Earth System Simulator (ACCESS) to examine the effects of ozone change since 1960.
This presentation introduces a recently awarded Australian Antarctic Science (AAS) project as part of the research theme 1 'Climate Processes and Change'. This project utilises the technique of Global Positioning System (GPS) Radio Occultation (RO)…
Ocean acidification has been identified as a significant feature of climate change influencing the world’s marine biota. As … ocean pH decreases, an increase in temperature is also expected.
Fuel spills have occurred in Antarctic and sub-Antarctic regions, and comprehensive remediation strategies have recently been established to clean-up fuel spills at Australia’s Casey Station and Macquarie Island. However…
Poa annua is the most widespread alien species in the sub-Antarctic, occurring on all major island groups and is invasive and spreading on the Antarctic Peninsula. P. annua colonises areas disturbed by human activity, seal wallows, penguin rookeries and glacial moraines.
Floral development of two alien species (Cerastium fontanum, Poa annua) were monitored through the summer of 2013/14 at three different altitudinal sites (coastal, hillside and plateau) on the North eastern end of sub-Antarctica Macquarie Island.
The Antarctic ozone hole of 2011 is reviewed from a variety of perspectives, making … use of various data and analyses. The ozone hole of 2011 was relatively large … in terms of maximum area, minimum ozone level and total ozone deficit…
Although many Quaternary records have allowed the study of major glacial-interglacial change in the … Southern Ocean, Holocene records from deep-sea cores are few and far between and are currently … limited to the South Atlantic. Low sedimentation rates combined with deep seafloors…
Numerous fuel spills associated with human activities in Antarctica have occurred and significant levels of petroleum hydrocarbon contamination have been reported near Antarctic stations.
Chemical contamination resulting from human activities has been identified in … nearshore marine environments in the vicinity of Antarctic Research Stations. To better … manage and remediate contaminated sites, and to assess the risks of ongoing activities…
Developing water quality guidelines for Antarctic marine environments requires understanding sensitivity of biota to contaminant exposure. Toxicity tests with Antarctic … invertebrates have shown response times to metal exposure takes far longer than the durations of standard bioassay methods.
Major stratospheric warmings (MSWs) are one of the most important phenomena of wintertime Arctic stratospheric variability. They consist of a warming of the Arctic stratosphere and a deceleration of the polar night jet…
Within the Pycnogonida, genetic studies have … revealed that Colossendeis megalonyx Hoek (Challenger … Report, Zoology, 3(X), 1–167, 1881), consists of a complex of … several cryptic or overlooked species.
Stressors associated with climate change, and contaminants resulting from the activities of humans, are affecting organisms and ecosystems worldwide. Until recently, the impacts of these stressors on marine ecosystems have largely been examined in isolation.