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Sea ice can be interspersed vertically with both permeable and impermeable layers. These features can be smaller than a few centimetres but are important for understanding biogeochemical cycles in sea ice. Traditionally…
Incidental mortality in fisheries is a major driver of population declines for albatrosses and petrels globally. However, accurate identification of species can be difficult due to the poor condition of bycaught birds and/or visual similarities between closely related species.
Understanding how air-breathing diving animals moderate their dive behaviour when foraging successfully is foundational in the study of their foraging ecology. Yet, this fundamental relationship remains unresolved with previous research pointing to inconsistent relationships…
Background and Aims … Coping with both UV-B radiation and desiccation was essential for early land plants. In bryophytes, UV-B screening and desiccation tolerance partially depend on the physicochemical features of cell walls, which may also constrain photosynthesis.
The Sea Ice Physico-Chemistry and Ecosystems 2024 (SLOPE2024) workshop was conducted in the Saroma-ko Lagoon, Hokkaido, Japan from the middle of February to the beginning of March 2024. The aim of SLOPE2024 was to study the physical, chemical…
Recent studies have revealed the presence of a complex freshwater system underlying the Aurora Subglacial Basin (ASB), a region of East Antarctica that contains ?7 m of global sea level potential in ice mainly grounded below sea level. However…
Southern hemisphere humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae, SHHW) breeding populations follow a high-fidelity Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) diet while feeding in distinct sectors of the Southern Ocean.
Marine protected areas (MPAs) are a commonly used management tool to safeguard marine life from anthropogenic impacts, yet their efficacy often remains untested.
Since 2001, hundreds of thousands of hours of underwater acoustic recordings have been made throughout the Southern Ocean south of 60° S. Detailed analysis of the occurrence of marine mammal sounds in these circumpolar recordings could provide novel insights into their ecology…
Marine protected areas (MPAs) are a commonly used management tool to safeguard marine life from anthropogenic impacts, yet their efficacy often remains untested.
Invasive alien insects are an important yet understudied component of the general threat that biological invasions pose to biodiversity.
Precision, accuracy, and temporal resolution are key to making full use of atmospheric trace gas records in ice cores. These aspects will become especially crucial for ice cores that aim to extend the ice core record to the last 1.5?Myr, i.e., across the Mid-Pleistocene Transition…
Mapping Antarctic Specially Protected Areas (ASPAs) remains a critical yet challenging task, especially in extreme environments like Antarctica. Traditional methods are often cumbersome, expensive, and risky, with limited satellite data further hindering accuracy.
Here, we present the Grym package (Wotherspoon and Maschette, 2020). Designed to work within R (R Core Team, 2020), the Grym was built with the aim to provide a toolbox of functions that replicate the existing core functionality of the GYM software (compiled version 501E; Constable, 2004).
Carbon monoxide (CO) is a naturally occurring atmospheric trace gas, a regulated pollutant, and one of the main components determining the oxidative capacity of the atmosphere. Evaluating climate…
Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) is a keystone species of the Southern Ocean, vastly abundant and an essential food source of some of the Southern Ocean's most charismatic predators, including penguins, seals, and baleen whales. Antarctic krill are also targeted by a krill fishery…
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are well known to accumulate in polar food webs; yet there is little ecotoxicological data available for environmental risk assessment of POPs in these extreme ecosystems. The premise of the tissue residue approach (TRA)…
Terrestrial fuel spills in Antarctica commonly occur on ice-free land around research stations as the result of human activities. Successful clean-up of spills not only requires appropriate remediation strategies and technologies that are effective in cold climates…
Macquarie Island currently has no specific water quality guidelines to indicate a safe level of contamination on the island. This study investigated the toxic effects and accumulation of Cu and Zn in the subantarctic invertebrate, Exosphaeroma gigas. Further to this…
Within the Pycnogonida, genetic studies have … revealed that Colossendeis megalonyx Hoek (Challenger … Report, Zoology, 3(X), 1–167, 1881), consists of a complex of … several cryptic or overlooked species.
Understanding the sensitivities of Antarctic organisms to metal exposure is essential when developing protective environmental quality criteria for Antarctica. This study takes a community based approach to determine the potential effects of metal contamination on coastal Antarctic zooplankton.
As zooplankton is an important food source for consumers, and a major source of recruits to the benthic community, impacts on sensitive zooplankton communities have the potential to significantly alter nearshore marine ecosystems in Antarctica.
As zooplankton is an important food source for consumers, and a major source of … recruits to the benthic community, impacts on sensitive zooplankton communities have the … potential to significantly alter nearshore marine ecosystems in Antarctica.
This study presents the first examination of the effect of both temperature and salinity on fertilisation and development in an Antarctic echinoderm. Previous studies on Antarctic species have not investigated the combined effects of temperature and salinity, focusing on only single factor studies…
While definitive winter measurements for Dome C must await until 2004, on the basis of existing data the Antarctic … Dome sites promise the best conditions on the Earth for many astronomical observations. Because atmospheric … turbulence is largely confined to a ~ 100 m ground layer…