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Antarctic sea ice plays many crucial roles in the physical environments and ecosystems of Antarctica and the Southern Ocean. In this study, we synthesize the physical, biogeochemical, ecosystem, and societal impacts of summers with extreme low Antarctic sea-ice coverage.
Polar mesosphere summer echoes (PMSE) have been observed for more than 30 years with 50?MHz VHF radars at various locations in the Northern Hemisphere. Continuous observation of PMSE is conducted on the northern Norwegian island of Andøya (69.3°?N) using the ALWIN radar (1999–2008) and MAARSY…
In February 2023, Antarctic sea ice set a record minimum; there have now been three record-breaking low sea ice summers in seven years. Following the summer minimum, circumpolar Antarctic sea ice coverage remained exceptionally low during the autumn and winter advance…
During three surveys in the austral summers of 2013, 2015, 2019, data on Antarctic blue whale blow rates, dive times, swim speeds, and broadscale movements were collected using video photogrammetric tracking and intra-voyage photo-identification. A total of 24.
Protection of the wilderness and aesthetic values of Antarctica is mandated by the Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty, the “Madrid Protocol,” which came into force in 1998. Despite the passage of over 13 years…
There has been little progress in implementing protection of wilderness and aesthetic values in Antarctica since the coming into force of the Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty in 1998.
In 1956, an emperor penguin (Aptenodytes forsteri)colony had been reported during an aerial survey north of the north-western protrusion of the West Ice Shelf in East Antarctica. About 15,000 birds were estimated to be present.
In 2001 and 2003 small-scale acoustic surveys of Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) distribution and abundance were conducted … offshore from an East Antarctic colony of Adelie penguins on Bechervaise Island (671350S, 621490E) that has been monitored for … 15 years.
Oceanographic measurements were conducted in the vicinity of the Amery Ice Shelf on two cruises, during the southern summers of 2000/2001 and 2001/2002. A CTD transect parallel to the front of the Amery Ice Shelf was occupied on both cruises, including repeat occupations on each cruise.
In January 2005, members of a Chinese expedition team … were the first humans to visit Dome A on the Antarctic plateau, a site … predicted to be one of the very best astronomical sites on earth. In 2006, the Chinese Center for Antarctic Astronomy (CCAA)…
A study to assess the potential exposure to solar UV radiation of … expeditioners on Australian Antarctic resupply voyages was … carried out over the Austral summers of 2004 ⁄ 2005 to … 2006 ⁄ 2007. Subjects wore UVR-sensitive polysulphone (PS)…
We discuss an upcoming international airborne survey targeting two of the East Antarctica Ice Sheet's (EAIS) enigmatic … subglacial basins. Using a multi-instrumented long range aircraft we will address key issues in the origin and fate of … Earth's largest ice sheet.
Satellite tracking devices were used to examine the at sea movements of southern and … northern giant petrels from Macquarie Island during the Austral summers of 2005–06 … and 2006–07. Time spent at sea for nine northern giant petrels (four breeding adults, five … recently fledged juveniles)…
The Lambert Glacier region of East Antarctica encompasses the proposed boundary between three of the ancient continents that … formed East Gondwana: Indo-Antarctica, the central East Antarctic Craton and a proposed extension of the Pinjarra Orogen of … Australia.
Two small-scale Antarctic marine ecosystem surveys were conducted offshore from the Mawson coast ð61266EÞ, in the austral … summers of January 2001 and 2003.
Signals used in mate attraction are predicted to be highly condition dependent, and thus should be … sensitive to environmental contributions to condition. However, the effects of temporal fluctuations in the … environment on sexual selection in long-lived animals have been largely ignored.
Abundance and grazing impacts of krill, salps and herbivorous copepods were investigated in … Antarctic waters along the 1408E meridian, south of Australia, during the summers of 2002 and 2003. North of the Southern Boundary of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (SB-ACC)…