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Global chemistry–climate models (CCMs) play an important role in assessing the climate and air pollution implications of aerosols and chemically reactive gases.
The Antarctic marine environment, although rich in life, is predicted to experience rapid and significant effects from climate change. Despite a revolution in the approaches used to document biodiversity…
The Mount Brown South ice core (MBS 69.111S 86.312E) is a new, high resolution ice core drilled in coastal East Antarctica. With mean annual accumulation estimated to be ~30 cm ice equivalent throughout the length of the core (~290 m)…
Societal adaptation to rising sea levels requires robust projections of the Antarctic Ice Sheet's retreat, particularly due to ocean-driven basal melting of its fringing ice shelves.
Ocean-driven basal melt can thin and weaken ice shelves, reducing buttressing and causing sea level rise. However, the processes driving melt in ice shelf cavities are challenging to observe. Here we report float observations spanning the ocean cavity beneath Shackleton Ice Shelf.
The presence and nature of marine ice in ice shelves is important, yet difficult to determine. We present transient electromagnetic results spanning 10 km across a suture zone of Larsen C Ice Shelf (LCIS), Antarctica, supported by central borehole measurements.
The presence and nature of marine ice in ice shelves is important, yet difficult to determine. We present transient electromagnetic results spanning 10 km across a suture zone of Larsen C Ice Shelf (LCIS), Antarctica, supported by central borehole measurements.
The long-held view that the East Antarctic margin is isolated from warm offshore waters has been challenged by recent observations showing incursions of warm modified Circumpolar Deep Water (mCDW) reaching several East Antarctic ice shelves. However…
Long-term observations are essential for ecological research, providing insights into species and ecosystem variability, processes, and responses to change. In a time of rapid global change, ecosystem modification, and emerging threats, such long-term monitoring (LTM) is increasingly important.
Dimethyl sulfide (DMS) and methanethiol (MeSH) are biologically co-produced marine volatile sulfur compounds, which play a critical role in climate-cooling aerosol formation. The spatio-temporal distributions of MeSH are poorly constrained, especially over the Southern Ocean.
This study presents the first record of trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) in Antarctic ice cores, offering valuable data on TFA and its precursors' long-range atmospheric transport and deposition in remote polar regions. TFA is an ultra-short chain perfluoroalkyl acid (PFAA)…
The interaction of natural marine aerosol with clouds and radiation is a significant source of climate model uncertainty. The Southern Ocean represents a key area to understand these interactions, and a region where significant model biases exist.
Surface melt on the Antarctic Ice Sheet (AIS) occurs primarily on the low-elevation coastal margins, especially on the Antarctic Peninsula and on the ice shelves surrounding the continent.
Global chemistry–climate models (CCMs) play an important role in assessing the climate and air pollution implications of aerosols and chemically reactive gases.
We present a synthesis of marine soft sediment macrofaunal communities from the Vestfold Hills, East Antarctica, spanning historical data (1978–1982) and recent surveys from 47 locations (2010–2021). We examined relationships between environmental conditions…
Microbial communities in Antarctic marine sponges have distinct taxonomic and functional profiles due to low temperatures, seasonal days and nights, and geographic isolation. These sponge holobionts contribute to nutrient cycling, structural habitat formation, and benthic ecosystem resilience.
The Southern Ocean surrounding Antarctica harbours some of the most pristine marine environments remaining, but is increasingly vulnerable to anthropogenic pressures, climate change, and invasion by non-native species.
Antarctica is currently losing net mass to the ocean primarily from West Antarctica and the Antarctic Peninsula, which together hold ~5.5?m of sea level rise potential. Yet, the East Antarctic Ice Sheet stores almost ten times more ice…
Peter I Island is situated in the Bellingshausen Sea, a region that has experienced considerable climate change in recent decades. Warming sea surface temperatures and reduced sea ice cover have been accompanied by warming surface air temperature, increased snowfall…
In the Indian sector of the Southern Ocean, 80°E marks an important transition in ocean circulation between the greater Prydz Bay gyre to the west and the Australian … Antarctic gyre to the east. Here, the submarine Kerguelen Plateau impedes the eastward flow of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current…
During the summer of 2021, we conducted a comprehensive study on zooplankton communities along East Antarctica (55°E to 80°E) as part of the Trends in Euphausiids off Mawson, Predators, and Oceanography (TEMPO) survey program.
During the Mid-Pleistocene Transition (MPT), ca. 1200–800?000 years ago (ka), the Earth's glacial cycles changed from 41 to 100?kyr periodicity.
We characterize the internal wave field at a standing meander of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) where strong winds, bathymetry, and a strong eddy field combine to form a dynamic environment for the generation and dissipation of internal waves.
Seven passive acoustic surveys for marine mammal sounds were conducted by deploying sonobuoys along ship tracks during Antarctic voyages spanning years 2006-2021. These surveys included nearly 330° of longitude throughout Antarctic (south of 60°S) and sub-Antarctic (between 50-60°S) latitudes. Here…
To understand the scope and scale of the loss of biodiversity, tools are required that can be applied in a standardized manner to all species globally, spanning realms from land to the open ocean.