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Sea ice can be interspersed vertically with both permeable and impermeable layers. These features can be smaller than a few centimetres but are important for understanding biogeochemical cycles in sea ice. Traditionally…
Coastal Antarctic ecosystems feature long periods of sea ice cover, strong seasonality in primary production, and low biodiversity relative to marginal ice zone regions. There are few records of annual cycles of biodiversity and abundance of neritic Antarctic zooplankton…
Data collection facilitated by remotely piloted aircraft (RPA) has proven to be revolutionary in many disciplines including for research in extreme environments. Here we assess current use and utility of small multirotor remotely piloted aircraft (RPAs)…
The largest regional drivers of current surface elevation increases in the Antarctic Ice Sheet are associated with ice flow reconfiguration in previously active ice streams, highlighting the important role of ice dynamics in mass balance calculations. Here…
Ocean-driven basal melt can thin and weaken ice shelves, reducing buttressing and causing sea level rise. However, the processes driving melt in ice shelf cavities are challenging to observe. Here we report float observations spanning the ocean cavity beneath Shackleton Ice Shelf.
As a species highly reliant on stable fast ice as a breeding platform, emperor penguins are increasingly challenged in their breeding attempts due to changes in fast ice conditions. We collated habitat information of 27 emperor penguin colonies in East Antarctica (43°-167°E)…
Ocean bathymetry plays an instrumental role in stirring ocean circulation and ocean mixing, shaping the transport of ocean heat, freshwater, oxygen, and carbon, influencing the propagation of tides and tsunamis, and controlling the dispersion of sediments, nutrients, and planktonic species.
The Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) is a hotspot for the generation of small-scale motions that have a key role in cross-frontal exchanges. We present the first analysis of surface currents in the ACC derived from high-resolution sea surface height (SSH)…
Life at Robinson Ridge, located in the Windmill Islands region of East Antarctica, is susceptible to a changing climate. At this site, responses of the vegetation communities and moss-beds have been well researched, but corresponding information for microbial counterparts is still lacking.
Aim … Polar and alpine plants live at the edge of their physiological limits. Thus, relatively small changes in climate can have disproportionate effects on biological and ecological processes. Antarctic mosses display highly variable micro-topography (canopy architecture)…
Observations of sea surface height (SSH) from the Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) satellite have demonstrated remarkable potential for resolving mesoscale and submesoscale ocean features, which are crucial for deriving vertical velocities…
Surface melt on the Antarctic Ice Sheet (AIS) occurs primarily on the low-elevation coastal margins, especially on the Antarctic Peninsula and on the ice shelves surrounding the continent.
Vincennes Bay is a region of East Antarctica vulnerable to sub-ice shelf basal melting from warm ocean water intrusions. The sub-ice shelf bathymetry in this region is largely unknown, despite its importance for ocean dynamics within ice shelf cavities and associated sub-ice shelf basal melting.
Sea-ice surface temperature from atmospheric reanalysis has been used as an indicator of ice melt and climate change. However, its performance in atmospheric reanalyses is not fully understood in Antarctica. Here, we quantified biases in six widely-used reanalyses using satellite observations…
The deep glacial trough and hinterland of the Denman Glacier (East Antarctica) makes the area around the Shackleton ice shelf sensitive to ice loss due to warmer deep water intruding onto the continental shelf in the near future. In addition…
Phytoplankton production controls the transfer of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere into the ocean through the biological carbon pump, facilitating the sequestration of carbon dioxide and thus, contributing to the regulation of global climate. In the Southern Ocean…
Population monitoring provides information on species conservation status. We reassess the status of the southern elephant seal population at Macquarie Island. The number of cows on the isthmus, ~20% of the total population, correlated with counts for the whole island (i.e.
The Southern Ocean surrounding Antarctica harbours some of the most pristine marine environments remaining, but is increasingly vulnerable to anthropogenic pressures, climate change, and invasion by non-native species.
Microplastic (MP; plastic particles < 5 mm) pollution is pervasive in the marine environment, including remote polar environments. This study provides the first pan-Antarctic survey of MP pollution in Southern Ocean sea ice by analyzing sea ice cores from several diverse Antarctic regions.
Over the last decade, the Southern Ocean has experienced episodes of severe sea ice area decline. Abrupt events of sea ice loss are challenging to predict, in part due to … incomplete understanding of processes occurring at the scale of individual ice floes. Here, we use high-resolution altimetry…
Mosses play a key role in Antarctic ecosystems. Understanding of moss diversity and its likely drivers across Antarctica is, however, limited, as is the extent to which Antarctic Specially Protected Areas (ASPAs) represent this diversity.
settingsOrder Article Reprints … Open AccessReview … Unmanned Aerial Vehicles for Real-Time Vegetation Monitoring in Antarctica: A Review … by Kaelan Lockhart 1,2,*ORCID,Juan Sandino 1,2ORCID,Narmilan Amarasingam 3,4ORCID,Richard Hann 5ORCID,Barbara Bollard 3,4ORCID andFelipe Gonzalez 1…
The Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) mission offers new insights into submesoscale ocean processes. Realizing this requires careful consideration of other geophysical signals such as the signal delay induced by water vapor in the troposphere. Over short spatial scales (<?80 km)…
Iron plays a pivotal role in regulating ocean primary productivity. Iron is supplied from diverse sources such as the atmosphere and the geosphere, and hence iron biogeochemical research has focused on identifying and quantifying such sources of "new" iron. However…
Antarctica is currently losing net mass to the ocean primarily from West Antarctica and the Antarctic Peninsula, which together hold ~5.5?m of sea level rise potential. Yet, the East Antarctic Ice Sheet stores almost ten times more ice…