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Baleen whales are extreme capital breeders, capable of fasting for more than half a year while migrating thousands of kilometres and nursing rapidly growing offspring that quadruple in body size over the same period. To understand this energetic conundrum…
The introduction of new processes in biogeochemical models brings new model parameters that must be set. Optimization of the model parameters is crucial to ensure that model performance is based on process representation (i.e., functional forms) rather than poor choices of input parameter values.
We present a synthesis of marine soft sediment macrofaunal communities from the Vestfold Hills, East Antarctica, spanning historical data (1978–1982) and recent surveys from 47 locations (2010–2021). We examined relationships between environmental conditions…
Genetic diversity is essential for maintaining healthy populations and ecosystems. Several approaches have recently been … developed to evaluate population genetic trends without necessarily collecting new genetic data. Such "genetic diversity … indicators" enable rapid…
The presence of unique biological archives (e.g., springtails, Arthropoda: Collembola) in Antarctic ice-free regions provides powerful evidence for testing assumptions about when and how the current ice sheet reached its present-day configuration. Springtails, where present, may suggest long-term…
Marine protected areas (MPAs) are a commonly used management tool to safeguard marine life from anthropogenic impacts, yet their efficacy often remains untested.
Antarctica is one of Earth's most untouched, inhospitable, and poorly known regions. Although knowledge of its biodiversity has increased over recent decades, a diverse, wide-ranging…
Since 2001, hundreds of thousands of hours of underwater acoustic recordings have been made throughout the Southern Ocean south of 60° S. Detailed analysis of the occurrence of marine mammal sounds in these circumpolar recordings could provide novel insights into their ecology…
Marine protected areas (MPAs) are a commonly used management tool to safeguard marine life from anthropogenic impacts, yet their efficacy often remains untested.
Polynyas are persistent and recurrent regions of open water and/or thin ice or reduced ice concentration, tens to tens of thousands of square kilometers in areal extent…
The evolutionary and biogeographic history of the contemporary Antarctic terrestrial and marine biotas … reveals many components of ancient origin. For large elements of the terrestrial biota, long-term … isolation over timescales from hundreds of thousands to tens of millions of years…
During the late 19th and early 20th centuries, when blubber oil fuelled house lamps, the king … penguin population at Macquarie Island was reduced from two very large (perhaps hundreds of thousands … of birds) colonies to about 3000 birds. One colony…
Methods of inverting high-frequency radar land and sea backscatter to obtain … ionospheric vertical profiles offer an important means of remote sensing the ionosphere up … to thousands of kilometers from the transmitter/receiver location.
Hundreds of thousands of seabirds are killed each year as a result of interacting with longline … and trawl fishing operations, and the severity of the impact varies regionally. Shy and whitecapped … albatrosses, Thalassarche cauta and Thalassarche steadi respectively…
Abstract : Well sorted, fine lithic sandstone within the Drygalski Formation at Cape Lockyer on the … southern tip of Heard Island, preserves a diverse terrestrial palynoflora as well as marine diatoms and a few … foraminifera. A combination of these elements suggests a Late Miocene age (10–5 Ma).
: The KErguelen : Ocean and Plateau compared Study (KEOPS) examined the origin of elevated phytoplankton biomass over the Kerguelen plateau in the Southern Ocean in mid-summer (Jan. - Feb. 2005).
The efforts of Patterson and co-workers (Murozumi et al., 1969) to accurately measure Pb … concentrations in Greenland and Antarctic snow and ice produced the first reliable … determination of Pb pollution of the Earth’s polar ice sheets. Since then…
A survey of the size characteristics of the population of icebergs around the whole of the … Antarctic coastline was carried out using synthetic aperture radar images. A total of 36…
Abstract: Austrochlamys heardensis (Fleming) is recorded from a boulder of Late Pliocene (3.62–2.5 Ma) volcaniclastic sandstone dredged 70 km east-north-east of Heard Island, the third record of the species.
Bubbles of air trapped in ice sheets provide an important record of past atmospheric gas composition. Understanding of climate change and atmospheric composition over the last 400,000 years has been greatly improved using ice core analysis.