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Meteoroids of sub-milligram sizes burn up high in the Earth's atmosphere and cause streaks of plasma trails detectable by meteor radars. The altitude at which these trails, or meteors…
Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) are integral to Southern Ocean pelagic ecosystems. Winters with extensive sea ice have been linked to high post-larval krill recruitment the following spring, suggesting that sea ice plays a critical role in larval overwinter survival.
The mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) comprise a highly variable region that forms the transition region between the middle and upper atmosphere.
Gravity waves provide a key mechanism for the vertical transport of energy and momentum from the active near-surface weather to the upper reaches of the neutral and ionised atmosphere. Generation mechanisms vary between storms, fronts…
Polar mesosphere summer echoes (PMSE) have been observed for more than 30 years with 50?MHz VHF radars at various locations in the Northern Hemisphere. Continuous observation of PMSE is conducted on the northern Norwegian island of Andøya (69.3°?N) using the ALWIN radar (1999–2008) and MAARSY…
The Hunga Tonga–Hunga Ha?apai volcano erupted on 15 January 2022, launching Lamb waves and gravity waves into the atmosphere. In this study, we present results using 13 globally distributed meteor radars and identify the volcanogenic gravity waves in the mesospheric/lower thermospheric winds.
Body-size relationships between predators and prey exhibit remarkable diversity. However, the assumption that predators typically consume proportionally smaller prey often underlies size-dependent predation in ecosystem models. In reality…
This Summary for Policymakers uses information and infographics from the research articles, updated with other more recent research articles, to provide the following information: 1.
The Antarctic marginal ice zone (MIZ) is a highly dynamic region where sea ice interacts with ocean surface waves generated in ice-free areas of the Southern Ocean. Improved large-scale (satellite-based) estimates of MIZ extent and variability are crucial for understanding atmosphere–ice…
Estimates of the distribution and density of Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba Dana, 1850) were derived from a large-scale survey conducted during the austral summer in the Southwest Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean and across the Scotia Sea in 2018–19, the '2018–19 Area 48 Survey'.
Here we present preliminary results on krill distribution from data collected from the Norwegian fishing vessel (F/V) Antarctic Endurance during her commercial operation for Antarctic krill in subareas 48.1 and 48.2 during different timings of the year in 2020, 2021 and 2022.
The ANGWIN Antarctic Gravity Wave Instrument Network has the ability to measure gravity-wave characteristics at various locations and height ranges.
Atmospheric gravity waves play an important role in transporting energy and momentum between atmospheric spheres and drive circulations that affect key processes such as formation of the ozone hole and the cold summer polar mesosphere.
The ANGWIN Antarctic Gravity Wave Instrument Network has the ability to measure gravity-wave characteristics at various locations and height ranges.
Estimates of the distribution and density of Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba Dana, 1850) were derived from a large-scale survey conducted during the austral summer in the Southwest Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean and across the Scotia Sea in 2018–19, the ‘2018–19 Area 48 Survey’.