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A holistic review is given of the Southern Ocean dynamic system, in the context of the crucial role it plays in the global climate and the profound changes it is experiencing. The review focuses on connections between different components of the Southern Ocean dynamic system…
The future response of the Antarctic Slope Current (ASC) to projected transient changes in winds, radiative forcing, and meltwater input is examined in a high-resolution ocean-sea ice model. Meltwater changes are found to dominate the almost -circumpolar strengthening of the ASC.
Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW) is derived from dense water that sinks from the Antarctic continental shelf to the deep ocean. The sinking of AABW is balanced by a return flow of lighter water, and the resulting overturning circulation determines the density stratification of the deep ocean…
An unprecedented decline in Antarctic sea ice extent (SIE) in late 2016 ended a weak mutidecadal expansion. Multiple mechanisms have been hypothesized to explain this decline, including large-scale atmospheric influences—a strong zonal wave 3 (ZW3)…
The delivery of ocean heat to Antarctic ice shelves is due to intrusions of waters warmer than the local freezing point temperature. Changes in the supply of ocean heat will determine how rapidly ice shelves melt at their base…
Human-caused climate change worsens with every increment of additional warming, although some impacts can develop abruptly. The potential for abrupt changes is far less understood in the Antarctic compared with the Arctic, but evidence is emerging for rapid…
The future response of the Antarctic Slope Current (ASC) to projected transient changes in winds, radiative forcing, and meltwater input is examined in a high-resolution ocean-sea ice model. Meltwater changes are found to dominate the almost -circumpolar strengthening of the ASC.
As the climate warms, the grounded ice sheet and floating ice shelves surrounding Antarctica are melting and releasing additional freshwater into the Southern Ocean. Nonetheless…
The tropical Pacific Ocean is a key regulator of Earth's climate, with teleconnections that influence remote locations all around the world.
The Weddell Gyre is one of the dominant features of the Southern Ocean circulation and its dynamics have been linked to processes of climatic relevance.
Fidelity and projected changes in the climate models, used for the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate … Change (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report (AR4), are assessed with regard to the Southern Hemisphere … extratropical ocean and sea ice systems.
It is generally accepted that surface freshwater … anomalies in the Southern Ocean drive increases in North … Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) formation via a bipolar … density see-saw. We find that a Southern Ocean freshwater … pulse of comparable magnitude to meltwater pulse 1A, shuts down…