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State of the Climate in 2024: Antarctica and the Southern Ocean Bulletin if the American Meteorological Society, 2025 (Ref: 17449)
Category 1: Peer-reviewed literature

In 2024, atmospheric conditions over Antarctica exhibited significant anomalies, and were marked by major surface and stratospheric warming and pressure fluctuations. The first half of the year (January–June) featured persistent below-normal surface pressure over the continent…

Estimation of Antarctic Land-Fast Sea Ice Algal Biomass and Snow Thickness From Under-Ice Radiance Spectra in Two Contrasting Areas Journal of Geophysical Research – Oceans, 2018 (Ref: 17045)
Category 1: Peer-reviewed literature

Fast ice is an important component of Antarctic coastal marine ecosystems, providing a prolific habitat for ice algal communities. This work examines the relationships between normalized difference indices (NDI)…

Collecting Quality Echosounder Data in Inclement Weather International Council for the Exploration of the Sea Cooperative Research Report, 2021 (Ref: 16898)
Category 1: Peer-reviewed literature

Echosounder data are widely collected and employed to address multitude scientific questions, from characterizing pelagic marine ecosystems, to investigating the behaviour and dynamics of marine organisms, and estimating the abundance and biomass of marine resources.

A calibration neutron monitor: Energy response and instrumental temperature sensitivity Journal of Geophysical Research, 2008 (Ref: 13467)
Category 1: Peer-reviewed literature

Neutron monitors are integral detectors of secondary cosmic rays. Since each of them … has its own detection efficiency, energy spectra cannot readily be derived from their … observations. To circumvent this problem…

Experiments with two calibration neutron monitors Proceedings of the 30th International Cosmic Ray conference, Mérida, Mexico, 2007 (Ref: 13189)
Category 3: Abstract

Abstract: Two identical calibration neutron monitors were completed in September 2002. They are … designed to provide an intercalibration between the ¡Ö 50 neutron monitors around the world, so that … rigidity spectra can be calculated from them.

Biology and molecular phylogenetics of Nematoceras sulcatum, a second endemic orchid species from subantarctic Macquarie Island Polar Biology, 2007 (Ref: 12943)
Category 1: Peer-reviewed literature

A second orchid species, Nematoceras … sulcatum M.A.Clem. et D.L.Jones, has been found on … subantarctic Macquarie Island. A history of its discovery … and recognition is provided. The morphology, biology and ecology of the new species are compared … with N. dienemum (D.L.Jones) D.L.Jones, M.A.Clem.

DNA sequencing and genetic diversity of the 18S–26S nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacers (ITS) in nine Antarctic moss species Antarctic Science, 2005 (Ref: 12452)
Category 1: Peer-reviewed literature

We have sequenced the 18S–26S nuclear ribosomal DNA ITS region from the genome of nine … different moss species from the Ross Sea region of Antarctica. This relatively quick and simple technique … enables these species to be readily distinguished, facilitating their taxonomic identification.

Largest GLE in Half a Century: Neutron Monitor Observations of the January 20, 2005 Event. Proceedings of the 29th International Cosmic Ray Conference, Pune, India, 2005 (Ref: 12309)
Category 3: Conference paper

Within a 6-minute span on January 20, 2005, the count rate registered by a neutron monitor at the sea level … station of McMurdo, Antarctica increased by a factor of 30, while the rate at the high-altitude (2820 m) site … of South Pole increased by a factor of 56.

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