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The rate and extent of global biodiversity change is surpassing our ability to measure, monitor and forecast trends. We propose an interconnected worldwide system of observation networks — a global biodiversity observing system (GBiOS)…
As a species highly reliant on stable fast ice as a breeding platform, emperor penguins are increasingly challenged in their breeding attempts due to changes in fast ice conditions. We collated habitat information of 27 emperor penguin colonies in East Antarctica (43°-167°E)…
Background and Aims … Coping with both UV-B radiation and desiccation was essential for early land plants. In bryophytes, UV-B screening and desiccation tolerance partially depend on the physicochemical features of cell walls, which may also constrain photosynthesis.
Southern Ocean (SO) air is amongst the most pristine on Earth, particularly during winter. Historically, there has been a focus on biogenic sources as an explanation for the seasonal cycle in cloud condensation nuclei concentrations (NCCN). NCCN is also sensitive to the strength of sink terms…
Antarctica harbors many distinctive features of life, yet much about the diversity and functioning of Antarctica's life remains unknown. Evolutionary histories and functional ecology are well understood only for vertebrates…
Manganese (Mn) is an essential element involved in photosynthesis, yet its concentrations in Southern Ocean open waters are very low, arising from biological uptake and limited external inputs. At southern latitudes…
This paper aims to provide the overview needed to include krill in food-web models and to guide modellers to key sources of data. It describes the strengths of each method of sampling krill, i.e. with nets (for historical time series, demographic information and live krill), acoustics (distribution…
Shallow-water benthic communities throughout coastal Antarctica share many species and are governed by similar physico-oceanographic processes.
Macquarie Island, a small subantarctic island, is home to rockhopper, royal and king penguins, which are often infested with the globally distributed seabird tick, Ixodes uriae. A flavivirus, an orbivirus, a phlebovirus, and a nairovirus were isolated from these ticks and partial sequences obtained.
A hot water drill was used to penetrate 480 m of ice to reveal a diverse benthic assemblage, dominated by … suspension-feeding invertebrates, under the Amery Ice Shelf (East Antarctica) at a location 100 km from open … water and at a depth of 775 m below sea level (840 m below the ice shelf surface)…
The distribution of dissolved (D) and acid-dissolvable (AD) Fe, Ni, Cu and Pb in upper water (0-300 m depth) was determined along a transect in the Australia sector (140E) of the Southern Ocean during three cruises conducted from November 2001 to March 2002.
Plants collected from diverse sites on subantarctic Macquarie Island varied by up to 30‰ in their leaf 15N values. 15N natural abundance of plants, soils…
Heard Island contains a system of lava tube caves in a largely pristine condition which are the best developed bedrock caves known in Antarctic or Subantarctic latitudes. They require special management because of significant and sometimes fragile attributes. Use for recreation…