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Advances in our modelling capacity of wave–ice interactions are hindered by the limited availability of wave observations in sea ice and, specifically, under a broad range of wave and sea ice conditions.
Species distribution models (SDMs) quantify the relationship between species presence and environmental factors. They are often used to guide conservation management plans, but limited availability of environmental and biological data in undersampled regions, such as the Southern Ocean…
Under climate change, both the global water cycle (evaporation minus precipitation) and mixed layer salinity exhibit a pattern amplification characterized by the "rich get richer and poor get poorer." However…
Invasive species are a significant threat to marine ecosystems, contributing to biodiversity loss and ecosystem … changes. Biofouling, the accumulation of aquatic organisms on vessel hulls, is one of the main pathways for … invasive species worldwide…
This paper explores the research, making, and performance of Sastrugi: Sounds of Antarctic Sea Ice. Combining the techniques of sonification, field recording, and musique concrète, Sastrugi orchestrates multi-sensory world building for the audience where immersive soundscapes…
Continent-continent collisions develop mature orogenic systems over tens of millions of years, creating a thermally weakened mid-crustal infrastructure layer (15–50 km deep) that flows laterally from the thickened mountain ranges or plateaus.
The deep glacial trough and hinterland of the Denman Glacier (East Antarctica) makes the area around the Shackleton ice shelf sensitive to ice loss due to warmer deep water intruding onto the continental shelf in the near future. In addition…
Glaciers and ice sheets are an integral part of Earth's system, advancing and retreating in response to changes in climate. Clues about the past, present and future behaviour of these ice masses are found throughout current and former glaciated landscapes. In this commentary…
Understanding past climate is essential to our knowledge of how our current climate system operates, and how it might respond to future change. Techniques to reconstruct climate history are challenging, and both accuracy and certainty are hampered by the quality of the datasets used.
Antarctica, Earth's least understood and most remote continent, is threatened by human disturbances and climate-related changes, underscoring the imperative for biodiversity inventories to inform conservation. Antarctic ecosystems support unique species and genetic diversity…
We assess the Southern Ocean CO2 uptake (1985–2018) using data sets gathered in the Regional Carbon Cycle Assessment and Processes Project Phase 2. The Southern Ocean acted as a sink for CO2 with close agreement between simulation results from global ocean biogeochemistry models (GOBMs, 0.75 ± 0.
Oxygen isotope ratios (d18O) of foraminifera in marine sediment records have fundamentally shaped our understanding of the ice ages and global climate change. Interpretation of these records has, however, been challenging because they reflect contributions from both ocean temperature and ice volume.
Improving our understanding of the effects of satellite tags on large whales is a critical step in ongoing tag development to minimise potential health effects whilst addressing important research questions that enhance conservation management policy. In 2014…
Poor coverage of the Antarctic continental shelf bathymetry impedes understanding the oceanographic processes affecting Antarctica’s role in global climate. Continental shelf bathymetry influences warm modified Circumpolar Deep Water movement onto the shelf…
Here, we present the Grym package (Wotherspoon and Maschette, 2020). Designed to work within R (R Core Team, 2020), the Grym was built with the aim to provide a toolbox of functions that replicate the existing core functionality of the GYM software (compiled version 501E; Constable, 2004).
The papers in this volume were, with a few exceptions, presented at the third Island Invasives conference, held in Dundee, Scotland in July 2017. The papers demonstrate up-scaling in several aspects of eradication operations – not least in ambition, land area, operational size…
The scope of this document is model-based estimation of abundance (and its uncertainty) from counts of cetaceans obtained using standard distance sampling line transect surveys (e.g., Buckland et al., 2015).
Atmospheric gravity waves play an important role in transporting energy and momentum between atmospheric spheres and drive circulations that affect key processes such as formation of the ozone hole and the cold summer polar mesosphere.
Supporting Antarctic scientific investigation is the job of the national Antarctic programmes, the government entities charged with delivering their countries’ Antarctic research strategies. This requires sustained investment in people, innovative technologies, Antarctic infrastructures…
Our understanding of cross-disciplinary connections for Antarctica's role in the Earth system remains incomplete, especially around its coastal margins. The focus here is on sea-ice, oceanic, and atmospheric drivers in the joint Ross Sea-far East Antarctic Region (RSfEAR)…
AIRBOX, a mobile air chemistry laboratory was deployed on the Australian ice-breaker, the RSV Aurora Australis for the 2018/2019 Antarctic resupply voyages. A comprehensive suite of atmospheric chemistry observations were made from ozone, mercury, CN, CCN, Nephelometer, MAAP…
The analysis of trophically complex mathematical ecosystem models is typically carried out … using numerical techniques because it is considered that the number and nonlinear nature of the equations … involved makes the use of analytic techniques virtually impossible. In particular…
Current interpretation of histological alteration in fish as an indicator of contaminant impact is subjective. Generally severity of alteration is poorly described, and does not allow direct comparison between studies. A histological health index (HHI) modified from Bernet et al (1999)…