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The contribution of deep chlorophyll maxima to net primary production in the Southern Ocean Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 2025 (Ref: 17431)
Category 1: Peer-reviewed literature

Deep chlorophyll maxima (DCMs) have long been studied in the northern hemisphere but have received less attention in the Southern Ocean. Their contribution to phytoplankton biomass and net primary productivity (NPP) is poorly resolved. Recently…

Impacts of Antarctic summer sea-ice extremes PNAS Nexus, 2025 (Ref: 17363)
Category 1: Peer-reviewed literature

Antarctic sea ice plays many crucial roles in the physical environments and ecosystems of Antarctica and the Southern Ocean. In this study, we synthesize the physical, biogeochemical, ecosystem, and societal impacts of summers with extreme low Antarctic sea-ice coverage.

Emerging evidence of abrupt changes in the Antarctic environment Nature, 2025 (Ref: 17362)
Category 1: Peer-reviewed literature

Human-caused climate change worsens with every increment of additional warming, although some impacts can develop abruptly. The potential for abrupt changes is far less understood in the Antarctic compared with the Arctic, but evidence is emerging for rapid…

Microbial competition for iron determines its availability to the ferrous wheel The ISME Journal, 2025 (Ref: 17280)
Category 1: Peer-reviewed literature

Iron plays a pivotal role in regulating ocean primary productivity. Iron is supplied from diverse sources such as the atmosphere and the geosphere, and hence iron biogeochemical research has focused on identifying and quantifying such sources of "new" iron. However…

Carbon injection potential of the mesopelagic-migrant pump in the Southern Ocean during summer Frontiers in Marine Science, 2025 (Ref: 17281)
Category 1: Peer-reviewed literature

The passive sinking flux of particles, termed the biological gravitational pump (BGP), is an important component of the ocean's biological carbon pump. In addition, carbon-rich particles are actively injected to depth through the diel vertical migration (DVM)…

Subsurface chlorophyll maxima reduce the performance of non-photochemical quenching corrections in the Southern Ocean. Frontiers in marine Science, 2024 (Ref: 17096)
Category 1: Peer-reviewed literature

Non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) within phytoplankton cells often causes the daytime suppression of chlorophyll fluorescence in the Southern Ocean.

Effects of iron, silicate, and light on dimethylsulfoniopropionate production in the Australian Subantarctic Zone Journal of Geophysical Research, 2001 (Ref: 10282)
Category 1: Peer-reviewed literature

Shipboard bottle incubation experiments were performed to investigate the effects of iron, light, and silicate on algal production of particulate dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSPp) in the Subantarctic Zone (SAZ) south of Tasmania during March 1998.

Control of phytoplankton growth by iron supply and irradiance in the subantarctic Southern Ocean: Experimental results from the SAZ Project Journal of Geophysical Research, 2001 (Ref: 10280)
Category 1: Peer-reviewed literature

The influence of irradiance and iron (Fe) supply on phytoplankton processes … was investigated, north (47S, 142E) and south (54S, 142E) of the Subantarctic Front in … austral autumn (March 1998). At both sites, resident cells exhibited nutrient stress (F v / … Fm  0.3).

Control of phytoplankton growth by iron and silicic acid availability in the subantarctic Southern Ocean: Experimental results from the SAZ Project Journal of Geophysical Research, 2001 (Ref: 10284)
Category 1: Peer-reviewed literature

Subantarctic Southern Ocean surface waters in the austral summer and autumn are characterized by high concentrations of nitrate and phosphate but low concentrations of dissolved iron (Fe, ~0.05nM) and silicic acid (Si, <1µM).

Ground-based measurements of stratospheric NO2 at MacQuarie Island. Australian Meteorological Magazine, 1998 (Ref: 8279)
Category 1: Peer-reviewed literature

Slant column amounts of NO2 have been measured at twilight at MacQuarie Island using differential absorption spectroscopy. The data show a large seasonal cycle and diurnal variations. These changes are dominated by photochemistry.

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