Summary
Terrestrial ecosystems of southern ocean islands have enjoyed renewed attention recently. Stimulated by findings that their climates are changing dramatically, outcomes include an enhanced understanding of the biogeography of this region, and increasing awareness that these ecosystems provide unrivalled opportunities for investigating the impacts of environmental change on interactions between invasive and indigenous species. Studies have revealed increases in abundances of established alien species and in the strength of their negative impacts on local biotas, especially through indirect interactions. Also, increases in island temperature and human visitor frequency are likely to result in increasing numbers of successful alien colonisation events.