Antarctic Climate

Over the last decade, the Southern Ocean has experienced episodes of severe sea ice area decline. Abrupt events of sea ice loss are challenging to predict, in part due to … incomplete understanding of processes occurring at the scale of individual ice floes. Here, we use high-resolution altimetry…

Ignoring the diurnal cycle in surface-to-atmosphere CO2 fluxes leads to a systematic bias in CO2 mole fraction simulations sampled at daytime because the daily mean flux systematically misses the CO2 uptake during the daytime hours.

Much of the Antarctic coast is covered by seasonal landfast sea ice (fast ice), which serves as an … important habitat for ice algae. Fast?ice algae provide a key early season food source for pelagic and benthic … food webs, and contribute to biogeochemical cycling in Antarctic coastal ecosystems.

Weather systems in the southern Indian Ocean influence East Antarctic precipitation variability and surface mass balance. However…

Accurate assessment of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and their redistribution among the atmosphere, ocean, and terrestrial biosphere in a changing climate is critical to better understand the global carbon cycle, support the development of climate policies…

Understanding and quantifying the global methane (CH4) budget is important for assessing realistic pathways to mitigate climate change. CH4 is the second most important human-influenced greenhouse gas in terms of climate forcing after carbon dioxide (CO2)…

Programs for the measurement of atmospheric carbon dioxide using infra-red gas analysis techniques, have now been conducted by CSIRO in the Australian/Antarctic region of the Southern Hemisphere for over fifty years. In this report…

We present Bedmap3, the latest suite of gridded products describing surface elevation, ice-thickness and the seafloor and subglacial bed elevation of the Antarctic south of 60?°S. Bedmap3 incorporates and adds to all post-1950s datasets previously used for Bedmap2…

During deglaciations, Earth takes up vast amounts of energy, about half of which heats the global ocean. Thus, ocean heat content (OHC) is a key metric to assess Earth's energy budget.

Understanding past climate is essential to our knowledge of how our current climate system operates, and how it might respond to future change. Techniques to reconstruct climate history are challenging, and both accuracy and certainty are hampered by the quality of the datasets used.

The impact that biogenic emissions have on aerosol-cloud interactions across the Southern Ocean is poorly quantified. Here we use satellite and ship observations during austral summer to study these interactions.

The Antarctic Ice Sheet is integral to Earth's climate system, influencing global energy and water cycles, and ecosystems. Enough ice is stored in regions most vulnerable to rapid retreat to cause sea levels to rise by ?15?m if they completely melted, making their stability a key concern.

Coupled ice sheet–ocean models are increasingly being developed and applied to important questions pertaining to processes at the Greenland and Antarctic Ice Sheet margins, which play a pivotal role in ice sheet stability and sea level rise projections.

Peter I Island is situated in the Bellingshausen Sea, a region that has experienced considerable climate change in recent decades. Warming sea surface temperatures and reduced sea ice cover have been accompanied by warming surface air temperature, increased snowfall…

During the Mid-Pleistocene Transition (MPT), ca. 1200–800?000 years ago (ka), the Earth's glacial cycles changed from 41 to 100?kyr periodicity.

Executive Summary: This Report summarises the outcomes of a Workshop on the topic of climate tipping points. While it contains a limited number of key references and points from the wider literature…

Neutron monitors (NMs) are ground-based detectors that are widely used to detect secondary particles produced by the collisions of primary cosmic rays (CRs) and air molecules in the Earth's atmosphere. Bare neutron counters (BCs), operated without the lead producer and polyethylene reflector…

For decades, neutron monitors have been the primary source of ground-level data for studying cosmic rays with rigidities slightly above the geomagnetic cutoff. The NM64 instrument design, the standard for neutron monitors, has been optimized to monitor neutrons produced in atmospheric cascades.

Understanding the dispersion of floating objects and ocean properties at the ocean surface is crucial for various applications, including oil spill management, debris tracking and search and rescue operations. While mesoscale turbulence has been recognized as a primary driver of dispersion…

Bromine radicals released from sea ice, snow, and marine sources play a critical role in the atmospheric chemistry of polar regions. The Chemical and Mesoscale Mechanisms of Polar Cell Aerosol Nucleation (CAMMPCAN)…