Latest publications
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The Southern Ocean plays a key role in removing anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere, accounting for a quarter of the global ocean uptake during the Anthropocene period. Here we show, using a high-resolution ocean model under high-emission forcing (RCP8.5)…
The fronts of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) influence the growth and instability of eddies, eddy-mean flow interaction, and the development of submesoscale processes. We use in situ hydrography and directly measured velocity from a comprehensive shipboard survey of the Polar Front (PF)…
The presence and nature of marine ice in ice shelves is important, yet difficult to determine. We present transient electromagnetic results spanning 10 km across a suture zone of Larsen C Ice Shelf (LCIS), Antarctica, supported by central borehole measurements.
As the ice retreats, Antarctic species are struggling to reproduce, feed and compete with invasive species. Credit: Ida Kubiszewski … Far from being a remote, isolated continent, Antarctica is integral to Earth's climate and life-support systems.
Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW) forms the deepest limb of the meridional overturning circulation (MOC) and is a key control in global heat, freshwater, and carbon exchanges. AABW originates in part from Dense Shelf Water (DSW) produced in Antarctic coastal polynyas.
Ocean bathymetry plays an instrumental role in stirring ocean circulation and ocean mixing, shaping the transport of ocean heat, freshwater, oxygen, and carbon, influencing the propagation of tides and tsunamis, and controlling the dispersion of sediments, nutrients, and planktonic species.
The Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) is a hotspot for the generation of small-scale motions that have a key role in cross-frontal exchanges. We present the first analysis of surface currents in the ACC derived from high-resolution sea surface height (SSH)…
Here we validate the Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) satellite mission sea surface height (SSH) products using an array of nine GNSS buoys at the long-term altimetry validation facility in Bass Strait. As a groundbreaking swath altimetry mission…
New edition of the leading resource on the Arctic and Southern Oceans with contributions from the world's experts on sea ice … Sea Ice delivers insights into the very latest understanding of sea ice dynamics, how we measure (and model) its extent, the ecosystems that depend on sea ice…
In 2024, atmospheric conditions over Antarctica exhibited significant anomalies, and were marked by major surface and stratospheric warming and pressure fluctuations. The first half of the year (January–June) featured persistent below-normal surface pressure over the continent…
Dense water formation on the Antarctic continental shelf is the main process by which Antarctic Bottom Waters form and is fundamental to the abyssal overturning circulation. However…
The long-held view that the East Antarctic margin is isolated from warm offshore waters has been challenged by recent observations showing incursions of warm modified Circumpolar Deep Water (mCDW) reaching several East Antarctic ice shelves. However…
Advances in our modelling capacity of wave–ice interactions are hindered by the limited availability of wave observations in sea ice and, specifically, under a broad range of wave and sea ice conditions.
A range of leaching protocols have been used to measure the soluble fraction of aerosol trace elements worldwide, and therefore these measurements may not be directly comparable.
The wave-affected Marginal Ice Zones (MIZ) is a key region of air-ice-ocean interactions in the Southern Ocean (SO). However, challenges still remain for the large-scale observation of the MIZ. In this study…
The Sea Ice Physico-Chemistry and Ecosystems 2024 (SLOPE2024) workshop was conducted in the Saroma-ko Lagoon, Hokkaido, Japan from the middle of February to the beginning of March 2024. The aim of SLOPE2024 was to study the physical, chemical…
Amphipods play an important role in Southern Ocean trophic chains. Considering the key role of Pacific Ocean and sea ice ecosystems in the Earth system and the growing impact of global environmental change, it is important to collect information on the status of marine amphipod biodiversity.
An unprecedented decline in Antarctic sea ice extent (SIE) in late 2016 ended a weak mutidecadal expansion. Multiple mechanisms have been hypothesized to explain this decline, including large-scale atmospheric influences—a strong zonal wave 3 (ZW3)…
One of the principal factors influencing mass loss and sea level contribution from … the Antarctic Ice Sheet currently and in future centuries is the melting of ice … shelves by the ocean. These floating extensions of the ice sheet buttress against … ice-sheet movement…
The delivery of ocean heat to Antarctic ice shelves is due to intrusions of waters warmer than the local freezing point temperature. Changes in the supply of ocean heat will determine how rapidly ice shelves melt at their base…
The introduction of new processes in biogeochemical models brings new model parameters that must be set. Optimization of the model parameters is crucial to ensure that model performance is based on process representation (i.e., functional forms) rather than poor choices of input parameter values.
Dense shelf water (DSW) overflows around Antarctica leads to the formation of antarctic bottom water, thereby driving the lower cell of global overturning circulation.