Renewable energy timeline

1949

• An early attempt to generate wind power at Atlas Cove on Heard Island resulted in the construction of a tower with a propeller on top. Due to the force of the wind or the effects of the cold on the mechanism, it was not totally successful.
  
  

  An early attempt to generate wind powered energy on Heard Island in 1949. AAD photograph

1960s

• In the early 60s, small 10kW Dunlilte wind turbines were used at Mawson with minimal success. Small turbines have been used since at remote radio and field sites.

1984

• Wind generators were used on Macquarie Island at the Bauer Bay and Sandy Bay field huts.

1985

• The first solar and wind powered radio repeater site was installed at Davis. All stations later followed suit.

Late 1980s

• Portable solar powered field radio modules were introduced for ANARE field work and travel.

1993

• A joint French/Australian research project was established to investigate alternative energy options for Antarctic stations.

1994

• Data collection of wind, solar and tidal parameters began.

1995

• A 10kW Vergnet turbine was installed at Casey to investigate operational aspects of using commercial wind turbines in Antarctica.

1996

• The research project concluded that a wind resource is available at all stations to a greater or lesser extent.

1997

• In response to the Kyoto Protocol and the Framework Convention on Climate Change obligations, the Government adopts an alternative energy policy.

1998

• An investigation of suitable wind turbines from different manufacturers began. The AAD's requirements were further defined.

1999

• Feasibility studies proceeded for large wind turbines at Mawson and Macquarie Island.
  
  
• Solar power used to provide all the hot water requirements for the Davis summer ablutions block.

2000

• Studies revealed that commercial turbines with minimal modifications can be used at Antarctic stations.

2001

• Design and testing of powerhouse control system

2002

• Foundations for wind turbines installed at Mawson.

2003

• Two large 300 kW turbines were installed at Mawson.

  Their installation, together with a powerhouse control and energy storage system, provides 90% of station load for at least 50% of the time. The payback period in terms of fuel and infrastructure savings is expected to be between 10 and 12 years.

2007

• The project will be extended to include Casey and Davis.